CBSSports::Getopt - Encapsulate Option Parsing and Usage for all CBSSports Perl Scripts

1.1

The basic usage of CBSSports::Getopt:

  #!/usr/bin/perl
  use strict;
  use warnings;
  use CBSSports::Getopt qw(GetOptions Usage);

  my $opts = GetOptions( 'l|league-name' );
  Usage() unless $opts->{league_name};

  __END__

  =head1 Name

  sample-script - A sample script using CBSSports::Getopt

  =head1 Usage

  sample-script [options]

  =head1 Options

    -h --help     Print this usage statement and exit.
    -H --man      Print the complete documentation and exit.
    -v --verbose  Turn on verbose output
       --version  Print script version information and quit

  sample-script -h

You can also pass additonal options to Getopt::Long::Configure via Configure

  use CBSSports::Getopt qw(GetOptions Usage Configure);

  Configure( 'bundling' );
  my $opts = GetOptions( 'l|league-name' );
  Usage() unless $opts->{league_name};

The purpose of this module is to provide a simple way that script authors can easily define options and usage without have to duplicate code in each of their scripts.

This module provides the following functionality:

Simply pass an array of Getopt::Long options to GetOptions and receive a hash populated with the options you defined. See Getopt::Long for details on option syntax. (note that 'no_auto_abbr' and 'no_ignore_case' are enabled insead of Getopt::Long's defaults)

• The following options are automatically defined for you.
  
  

    -h --help     Show script usage and options
    -H --man      Show full manpage (all pod in script)
    -v --verbose  Incremental verbose ( -v -v -v, verbose = 3 );
       --version  Display version and exit.
  
  

  
  
  You can override these options if nessesary via Configure( 'allow_preset_override' ), but are advised against. We'd like to keep a common interface to all our scripts.
• When specifying a short option name, you should define a long one as well.
  
  

    GetOptions( 'l' );  VS   GetOptions( 'l|league-name' );
  
  

  
  
  The long option name gets turned into the hash key. The more verbose you are in choosing an option names, the easier it is to tell what the option is. You don't get penalized for naming these options so other people can understand them. (other people also includes yourself a month from now) :)
• The longest option names get translated into the hash key ( with '_' subsituted for '-' )
  
  For example, if you pass in
  
  

    my $opts = GetOptions( 'league-id|league-name|l' );
  
  

  
  
  The result will be stored in
  
  

    $opts->{league_name}
  
  

  
  
  If two keys of the same length are passed in, the first one found will be used for the hash key.
• Getopt::Long auto abbreviate is turned off by default
  
  By default Getopt::Long auto abbreviates all long options. Although this functionality can be clever, it is not always clear. Let's err on the side of caution and avoid cleverness.
• Getopt::Long ignore case turned off by default.
  
  Similarly, ignoring case on options may result in confusion. In order to keep things clear, the script should always require the proper case on command line options.
• By using CBSSports::Getopt, you will automatically get the ability to use a .rc file.
  
  For example, say you have a script named 'doit'. By using CBSSports::Getopt, you will automatically be able to store commonly used options in a '.doitrc' file in your home directory. When the script runs, it will read in that optional file and will append any options to @ARGV before the command line arguments are run. Comments and leading/trailing whitespace are removed before processing. You can have multiples options per line.
  
  

    # contents of .doitrc
    -u web   # run as user web
  
  

• Usage is just simply pod within your script
  
  At a minimum, you should write pod within your script that contains the USAGE and OPTIONS sections. However, you can write a whole man page if you like :)

Pass in an array of options for Getopt::Long::GetOptions to parse. The function call will return a hash reference of the options you chose to capture. Only specifying single character options is not allowed. Each single character option must have a long couterpart. However, a long option can be specified without a single character counterpart.

  'h'       # incorrect - will fail
  'h|help'  # fine - will define -h and --help
  'help'    # fine - will define --help

For example:

  use CBSSports::Getopt;
  my $opts = GetOptions(
      's|source-point=s', 'r|range-point=s', 'p|single-point=s', 'b|copy-to-begining',
      'e|copy-to-end',    'q|quiet',         'n|do-nothing',
  );

If the script is executed without command line parameters, the hash reference returned from the GetOptions call (ex. $opts) will contain:

  {
    'verbose'          => undef,
    'quiet'            => undef,
    'copy_to_end'      => undef,
    'version'          => undef,
    'range_point'      => undef,
    'source_point'     => undef,
    'single_point'     => undef,
    'do_nothing'       => undef,
    'copy_to_begining' => undef
  }

(Note: verbose and version are automatically defined for you)

Call usage with an error message string which will be displayed before the output and verbosity level. If no verbosity level is specified, Usage will only show USAGE and OPTIONS pod secitons.

Configure checks for 'allow_preset_override' before passing the rest of the arguments to Getopt::Long::Configure. See Getopt::Long for details. 'allow_preset_override' allows you define '-h', '-H', and '-v' for another purpose other than their defaults.

By default, every command line script that uses CBSSports::Getopt will be able to pull commonly used options from an .rc file of the same name. For example, 'auto-load-rosters' would use '.auto-load-rostersrc' from your home directory.

Leading/trailing whitespace and comments in the '.rc' files are removed before processing.

CBSSports::Getopt has the following dependancies:

• Getopt::Long
• Pod::Usage
• File::HomeDir

Some scripts may use '-h', '-H' or '-v' for something other than 'help', 'verbose', 'man'. You can override these defaults via Configure( 'allow_preset_override' );

Jeff Bisbee <jbisbee@cbs.com>

Copyright (c) 2009, Jeff Bisbee <jbisbee@cbs.com>. All rights reserved.

This module is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. See perlartistic.

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