NAME
Date::Simple - a simple date object
SYNOPSIS
use Date::Simple ('date', 'today');
# Difference in days between two dates:
$diff = date('2001-08-27') - date('1977-10-05');
# Offset $n days from now:
$date = today() + $n;
print "$date\n"; # uses ISO 8601 format (YYYY-MM-DD)
use Date::Simple ();
my $date = Date::Simple->new('1972-01-17');
my $year = $date->year;
my $month = $date->month;
my $day = $date->day;
use Date::Simple (':all');
my $date2 = ymd($year, $month, $day);
my $date3 = d8('19871218');
my $today = today();
my $tomorrow = $today + 1;
if ($tomorrow->year != $today->year) {
print "Today is New Year's Eve!\n";
}
if ($today > $tomorrow) {
die "warp in space-time continuum";
}
print "Today is ";
print(('Sun','Mon','Tues','Wednes','Thurs','Fri','Satur')
[$today->day_of_week]);
print "day.\n";
# you can also do this:
($date cmp "2001-07-01")
# and this
($date <=> [2001, 7, 1])
INSTALLATION
If your system has the "make" program or a clone:
perl Makefile.PL
make
make test
make install
If you lack "make", copy the "lib/Date" directory to your module
directory (run "perl -V:sitelib" to find it).
If "make test" fails, perhaps it means your system can't compile C
code. Try:
make distclean
perl Makefile.PL noxs
make
make test
make install
This will use the pure-Perl implementation.
DESCRIPTION
Dates are complex enough without times and timezones. This module may be used to create simple date objects. It handles:
Validation.
Reject 1999-02-29 but accept 2000-02-29.
Interval arithmetic.
How many days were between two given dates? What date comes N days
after today?
Day-of-week calculation.
What day of the week is a given date?
It does not deal with hours, minutes, seconds, and time zones.
A date is uniquely identified by year, month, and day integers within valid ranges. This module will not allow the creation of objects for invalid dates. Attempting to create an invalid date will return undef. Month numbering starts at 1 for January, unlike in C and Java. Years are 4-digit.
Gregorian dates up to year 9999 are handled correctly, but we rely on Perl's builtin "localtime" function when the current date is requested. On some platforms, "localtime" may be vulnerable to rollovers such as the Unix "time_t" wraparound of 18 January 2038.
Overloading is used so you can compare or subtract two dates using standard numeric operators such as "==", and the sum of a date object and an integer is another date object.
Date::Simple objects are immutable. After assigning "$date1" to "$date2", no change to "$date1" can affect "$date2". This means, for example, that there is nothing like a "set_year" operation, and "$date++" assigns a new object to "$date".
This module contains various undocumented functions. They may not be available on all platforms and are likely to change or disappear in future releases. Please let the author know if you think any of them should be public.
CONSTRUCTORS
Several functions take a string or numeric representation and generate a corresponding date object. The most general is "new", whose argument list may be empty (returning the current date), a string in format YYYY-MM-DD or YYYYMMDD, a list or arrayref of year, month, and day number, or an existing date object.
Date::Simple->new ([ARG, ...])
date ([ARG, ...])
my $date = Date::Simple->new('1972-01-17');
The "new" method will return a date object if the values passed in
specify a valid date. (See above.) If an invalid date is passed, the
method returns undef. If the argument is invalid in form as opposed
to numeric range, "new" dies.
The "date" function provides the same functionality but must be
imported or qualified as "Date::Simple::date". (To import all public
functions, do "use Date::Simple (':all');".) This function returns
undef on all invalid input, rather than dying in some cases like
"new".
today()
Returns the current date according to "localtime".
Caution: To get tomorrow's date (or any fixed offset from today), do
not use "today + 1". Perl parses this as "today(+1)". You need to
put empty parentheses after the function: "today() + 1".
ymd (YEAR, MONTH, DAY)
Returns a date object with the given year, month, and day numbers.
If the arguments do not specify a valid date, undef is returned.
Example:
use Date::Simple ('ymd');
$pbd = ymd(1987, 12, 18);
d8 (STRING)
Parses STRING as "YYYYMMDD" and returns the corresponding date
object, or undef if STRING has the wrong format or specifies an
invalid date.
Example:
use Date::Simple ('d8');
$doi = d8('17760704');
Mnemonic: The string matches "/\d{8}/". Also, "d8" spells "date", if
8 is expanded phonetically.
INSTANCE METHODS
DATE->next
my $tomorrow = $today->next;
Returns an object representing tomorrow.
DATE->prev
my $yesterday = $today->prev;
Returns an object representing yesterday.
DATE->year
my $year = $date->year;
Return the year of DATE as an integer.
DATE->month
my $month = $date->month;
Return the month of DATE as an integer from 1 to 12.
DATE->day
my $day = $date->day;
Return the DATE's day of the month as an integer from 1 to 31.
DATE->day_of_week
Return a number representing DATE's day of the week from 0 to 6,
where 0 means Sunday.
DATE->as_ymd
my ($year, $month, $day) = $date->as_ymd;
Returns a list of three numbers: year, month, and day.
DATE->as_d8
Returns the "d8" representation (see "d8"), like
"$date->format("%Y%m%d")".
DATE->format (STRING)
DATE->strftime (STRING)
These functions are equivalent. Return a string representing the
date, in the format specified. If you don't pass a parameter, an ISO
8601 formatted date is returned.
my $change_date = $date->format("%d %b %y");
my $iso_date1 = $date->format("%Y-%m-%d");
my $iso_date2 = $date->format;
The formatting parameter is similar to one you would pass to
strftime(3). This is because we actually do pass it to strftime to
format the date. This may result in differing behavior across
platforms and locales and may not even work everywhere.
OPERATORS
Some operators can be used with Date::Simple instances. If one side of an expression is a date object, and the operator expects two date objects, the other side is interpreted as "date(ARG)", so an array reference or ISO 8601 string will work.
DATE + NUMBER
DATE - NUMBER
You can construct a new date offset by a number of days using the
"+" and "-" operators.
DATE1 - DATE2
You can subtract two dates to find the number of days between them.
DATE1 == DATE2
DATE1 < DATE2
DATE1 <=> DATE2
DATE1 cmp DATE2
etc.
You can compare two dates using the arithmetic or string comparison
operators. Equality tests ("==" and "eq") return false when one of
the expressions can not be converted to a date. Other comparison
tests die in such cases. This is intentional, because in a sense,
all non-dates are not "equal" to all dates, but in no sense are they
"greater" or "less" than dates.
DATE += NUMBER
DATE -= NUMBER
You can increment or decrement a date by a number of days using the
+= and -= operators. This actually generates a new date object and
is equivalent to "$date = $date + $number".
"$date"
You can interpolate a date instance directly into a string, in the
format specified by ISO 8601 (eg: 2000-01-17).
UTILITIES
leap_year (YEAR)
Returns true if YEAR is a leap year.
days_in_month (YEAR, MONTH)
Returns the number of days in MONTH, YEAR.
AUTHOR
Marty Pauley <marty@kasei.com>
John Tobey <jtobey@john-edwin-tobey.org>
COPYRIGHT
Copyright (C) 2001 Kasei
Copyright (C) 2001,2002 John Tobey.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of either:
a) the GNU General Public License;
either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
version. You should have received a copy of the GNU General
Public License along with this program; see the file COPYING.
If not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59
Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
b) the Perl Artistic License.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.