ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform-agnostic MM methods


ExtUtils-MakeMaker documentation Contained in the ExtUtils-MakeMaker distribution.

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NAME

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ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform-agnostic MM methods

SYNOPSIS

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  FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY!

  package ExtUtils::MM_SomeOS;

  # Temporarily, you have to subclass both.  Put MM_Any first.
  require ExtUtils::MM_Any;
  require ExtUtils::MM_Unix;
  @ISA = qw(ExtUtils::MM_Any ExtUtils::Unix);

DESCRIPTION

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FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY!

ExtUtils::MM_Any is a superclass for the ExtUtils::MM_* set of modules. It contains methods which are either inherently cross-platform or are written in a cross-platform manner.

Subclass off of ExtUtils::MM_Any and ExtUtils::MM_Unix. This is a temporary solution.

THIS MAY BE TEMPORARY!

METHODS

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Any methods marked Abstract must be implemented by subclasses.

Cross-platform helper methods

These are methods which help writing cross-platform code.

os_flavor Abstract

    my @os_flavor = $mm->os_flavor;

@os_flavor is the style of operating system this is, usually corresponding to the MM_*.pm file we're using.

The first element of @os_flavor is the major family (ie. Unix, Windows, VMS, OS/2, etc...) and the rest are sub families.

Some examples:

    Cygwin98       ('Unix',  'Cygwin', 'Cygwin9x')
    Windows        ('Win32')
    Win98          ('Win32', 'Win9x')
    Linux          ('Unix',  'Linux')
    MacOS X        ('Unix',  'Darwin', 'MacOS', 'MacOS X')
    OS/2           ('OS/2')

This is used to write code for styles of operating system. See os_flavor_is() for use.

os_flavor_is

    my $is_this_flavor = $mm->os_flavor_is($this_flavor);
    my $is_this_flavor = $mm->os_flavor_is(@one_of_these_flavors);

Checks to see if the current operating system is one of the given flavors.

This is useful for code like:

    if( $mm->os_flavor_is('Unix') ) {
        $out = `foo 2>&1`;
    }
    else {
        $out = `foo`;
    }

can_load_xs

    my $can_load_xs = $self->can_load_xs;

Returns true if we have the ability to load XS.

This is important because miniperl, used to build XS modules in the core, can not load XS.

split_command

    my @cmds = $MM->split_command($cmd, @args);

Most OS have a maximum command length they can execute at once. Large modules can easily generate commands well past that limit. Its necessary to split long commands up into a series of shorter commands.

split_command will return a series of @cmds each processing part of the args. Collectively they will process all the arguments. Each individual line in @cmds will not be longer than the $self->max_exec_len being careful to take into account macro expansion.

$cmd should include any switches and repeated initial arguments.

If no @args are given, no @cmds will be returned.

Pairs of arguments will always be preserved in a single command, this is a heuristic for things like pm_to_blib and pod2man which work on pairs of arguments. This makes things like this safe:

    $self->split_command($cmd, %pod2man);




echo

    my @commands = $MM->echo($text);
    my @commands = $MM->echo($text, $file);
    my @commands = $MM->echo($text, $file, $appending);

Generates a set of @commands which print the $text to a $file.

If $file is not given, output goes to STDOUT.

If $appending is true the $file will be appended to rather than overwritten.

wraplist

  my $args = $mm->wraplist(@list);

Takes an array of items and turns them into a well-formatted list of arguments. In most cases this is simply something like:

    FOO \
    BAR \
    BAZ

maketext_filter

    my $filter_make_text = $mm->maketext_filter($make_text);

The text of the Makefile is run through this method before writing to disk. It allows systems a chance to make portability fixes to the Makefile.

By default it does nothing.

This method is protected and not intended to be called outside of MakeMaker.

cd Abstract

  my $subdir_cmd = $MM->cd($subdir, @cmds);

This will generate a make fragment which runs the @cmds in the given $dir. The rough equivalent to this, except cross platform.

  cd $subdir && $cmd

Currently $dir can only go down one level. "foo" is fine. "foo/bar" is not. "../foo" is right out.

The resulting $subdir_cmd has no leading tab nor trailing newline. This makes it easier to embed in a make string. For example.

      my $make = sprintf <<'CODE', $subdir_cmd;
  foo :
      $(ECHO) what
      %s
      $(ECHO) mouche
  CODE




oneliner Abstract

  my $oneliner = $MM->oneliner($perl_code);
  my $oneliner = $MM->oneliner($perl_code, \@switches);

This will generate a perl one-liner safe for the particular platform you're on based on the given $perl_code and @switches (a -e is assumed) suitable for using in a make target. It will use the proper shell quoting and escapes.

$(PERLRUN) will be used as perl.

Any newlines in $perl_code will be escaped. Leading and trailing newlines will be stripped. Makes this idiom much easier:

    my $code = $MM->oneliner(<<'CODE', [...switches...]);
some code here
another line here
CODE

Usage might be something like:

    # an echo emulation
    $oneliner = $MM->oneliner('print "Foo\n"');
    $make = '$oneliner > somefile';

All dollar signs must be doubled in the $perl_code if you expect them to be interpreted normally, otherwise it will be considered a make macro. Also remember to quote make macros else it might be used as a bareword. For example:

    # Assign the value of the $(VERSION_FROM) make macro to $vf.
    $oneliner = $MM->oneliner('$$vf = "$(VERSION_FROM)"');

Its currently very simple and may be expanded sometime in the figure to include more flexible code and switches.

quote_literal Abstract

    my $safe_text = $MM->quote_literal($text);

This will quote $text so it is interpreted literally in the shell.

For example, on Unix this would escape any single-quotes in $text and put single-quotes around the whole thing.

escape_newlines Abstract

    my $escaped_text = $MM->escape_newlines($text);

Shell escapes newlines in $text.

max_exec_len Abstract

    my $max_exec_len = $MM->max_exec_len;

Calculates the maximum command size the OS can exec. Effectively, this is the max size of a shell command line.

make

    my $make = $MM->make;

Returns the make variant we're generating the Makefile for. This attempts to do some normalization on the information from %Config or the user.

Targets

These are methods which produce make targets.

all_target

Generate the default target 'all'.

blibdirs_target

    my $make_frag = $mm->blibdirs_target;

Creates the blibdirs target which creates all the directories we use in blib/.

The blibdirs.ts target is deprecated. Depend on blibdirs instead.

clean (o)

Defines the clean target.

clean_subdirs_target

  my $make_frag = $MM->clean_subdirs_target;

Returns the clean_subdirs target. This is used by the clean target to call clean on any subdirectories which contain Makefiles.

dir_target

    my $make_frag = $mm->dir_target(@directories);

Generates targets to create the specified directories and set its permission to PERM_DIR.

Because depending on a directory to just ensure it exists doesn't work too well (the modified time changes too often) dir_target() creates a .exists file in the created directory. It is this you should depend on. For portability purposes you should use the $(DIRFILESEP) macro rather than a '/' to seperate the directory from the file.

    yourdirectory$(DIRFILESEP).exists

distdir

Defines the scratch directory target that will hold the distribution before tar-ing (or shar-ing).

dist_test

Defines a target that produces the distribution in the scratchdirectory, and runs 'perl Makefile.PL; make ;make test' in that subdirectory.

dynamic (o)

Defines the dynamic target.

makemakerdflt_target

  my $make_frag = $mm->makemakerdflt_target

Returns a make fragment with the makemakerdeflt_target specified. This target is the first target in the Makefile, is the default target and simply points off to 'all' just in case any make variant gets confused or something gets snuck in before the real 'all' target.

manifypods_target

  my $manifypods_target = $self->manifypods_target;

Generates the manifypods target. This target generates man pages from all POD files in MAN1PODS and MAN3PODS.

metafile_target

    my $target = $mm->metafile_target;

Generate the metafile target.

Writes the file META.yml YAML encoded meta-data about the module in the distdir. The format follows Module::Build's as closely as possible.

metafile_data

    my @metadata_pairs = $mm->metafile_data(\%meta_add, \%meta_merge);

Returns the data which MakeMaker turns into the META.yml file.

Values of %meta_add will overwrite any existing metadata in those keys. %meta_merge will be merged with them.

metafile_file

    my $meta_yml = $mm->metafile_file(@metadata_pairs);

Turns the @metadata_pairs into YAML.

This method does not implement a complete YAML dumper, being limited to dump a hash with values which are strings, undef's or nested hashes and arrays of strings. No quoting/escaping is done.

distmeta_target

    my $make_frag = $mm->distmeta_target;

Generates the distmeta target to add META.yml to the MANIFEST in the distdir.

realclean (o)

Defines the realclean target.

realclean_subdirs_target

  my $make_frag = $MM->realclean_subdirs_target;

Returns the realclean_subdirs target. This is used by the realclean target to call realclean on any subdirectories which contain Makefiles.

signature_target

    my $target = $mm->signature_target;

Generate the signature target.

Writes the file SIGNATURE with "cpansign -s".

distsignature_target

    my $make_frag = $mm->distsignature_target;

Generates the distsignature target to add SIGNATURE to the MANIFEST in the distdir.

special_targets

  my $make_frag = $mm->special_targets

Returns a make fragment containing any targets which have special meaning to make. For example, .SUFFIXES and .PHONY.

Init methods

Methods which help initialize the MakeMaker object and macros.

init_ABSTRACT

    $mm->init_ABSTRACT

init_INST

    $mm->init_INST;

Called by init_main. Sets up all INST_* variables except those related to XS code. Those are handled in init_xs.

init_INSTALL

    $mm->init_INSTALL;

Called by init_main. Sets up all INSTALL_* variables (except INSTALLDIRS) and *PREFIX.

init_INSTALL_from_PREFIX

  $mm->init_INSTALL_from_PREFIX;

init_from_INSTALL_BASE

    $mm->init_from_INSTALL_BASE

init_VERSION Abstract

    $mm->init_VERSION

Initialize macros representing versions of MakeMaker and other tools

MAKEMAKER: path to the MakeMaker module.

MM_VERSION: ExtUtils::MakeMaker Version

MM_REVISION: ExtUtils::MakeMaker version control revision (for backwards compat)

VERSION: version of your module

VERSION_MACRO: which macro represents the version (usually 'VERSION')

VERSION_SYM: like version but safe for use as an RCS revision number

DEFINE_VERSION: -D line to set the module version when compiling

XS_VERSION: version in your .xs file. Defaults to $(VERSION)

XS_VERSION_MACRO: which macro represents the XS version.

XS_DEFINE_VERSION: -D line to set the xs version when compiling.

Called by init_main.

init_others

    $MM->init_others();

Initializes the macro definitions used by tools_other() and places them in the $MM object.

If there is no description, its the same as the parameter to WriteMakefile() documented in ExtUtils::MakeMaker.

Defines at least these macros.

  Macro             Description

  NOOP              Do nothing
  NOECHO            Tell make not to display the command itself

  MAKEFILE
  FIRST_MAKEFILE
  MAKEFILE_OLD
  MAKE_APERL_FILE   File used by MAKE_APERL

  SHELL             Program used to run shell commands

  ECHO              Print text adding a newline on the end
  RM_F              Remove a file 
  RM_RF             Remove a directory          
  TOUCH             Update a file's timestamp   
  TEST_F            Test for a file's existence 
  CP                Copy a file                 
  MV                Move a file                 
  CHMOD             Change permissions on a file
  FALSE             Exit with non-zero
  TRUE              Exit with zero

  UMASK_NULL        Nullify umask
  DEV_NULL          Suppress all command output

tools_other

    my $make_frag = $MM->tools_other;

Returns a make fragment containing definitions for the macros init_others() initializes.

init_DIRFILESEP Abstract

  $MM->init_DIRFILESEP;
  my $dirfilesep = $MM->{DIRFILESEP};

Initializes the DIRFILESEP macro which is the seperator between the directory and filename in a filepath. ie. / on Unix, \ on Win32 and nothing on VMS.

For example:

    # instead of $(INST_ARCHAUTODIR)/extralibs.ld
    $(INST_ARCHAUTODIR)$(DIRFILESEP)extralibs.ld

Something of a hack but it prevents a lot of code duplication between MM_* variants.

Do not use this as a seperator between directories. Some operating systems use different seperators between subdirectories as between directories and filenames (for example: VOLUME:[dir1.dir2]file on VMS).

init_linker Abstract

    $mm->init_linker;

Initialize macros which have to do with linking.

PERL_ARCHIVE: path to libperl.a equivalent to be linked to dynamic extensions.

PERL_ARCHIVE_AFTER: path to a library which should be put on the linker command line after the external libraries to be linked to dynamic extensions. This may be needed if the linker is one-pass, and Perl includes some overrides for C RTL functions, such as malloc().

EXPORT_LIST: name of a file that is passed to linker to define symbols to be exported.

Some OSes do not need these in which case leave it blank.

init_platform

    $mm->init_platform

Initialize any macros which are for platform specific use only.

A typical one is the version number of your OS specific mocule. (ie. MM_Unix_VERSION or MM_VMS_VERSION).

init_MAKE

    $mm->init_MAKE

Initialize MAKE from either a MAKE environment variable or $Config{make}.

Tools

A grab bag of methods to generate specific macros and commands.

manifypods

Defines targets and routines to translate the pods into manpages and put them into the INST_* directories.

POD2MAN_macro

  my $pod2man_macro = $self->POD2MAN_macro

Returns a definition for the POD2MAN macro. This is a program which emulates the pod2man utility. You can add more switches to the command by simply appending them on the macro.

Typical usage:

    $(POD2MAN) --section=3 --perm_rw=$(PERM_RW) podfile1 man_page1 ...

test_via_harness

  my $command = $mm->test_via_harness($perl, $tests);

Returns a $command line which runs the given set of $tests with Test::Harness and the given $perl.

Used on the t/*.t files.

test_via_script

  my $command = $mm->test_via_script($perl, $script);

Returns a $command line which just runs a single test without Test::Harness. No checks are done on the results, they're just printed.

Used for test.pl, since they don't always follow Test::Harness formatting.

tool_autosplit

Defines a simple perl call that runs autosplit. May be deprecated by pm_to_blib soon.

arch_check

    my $arch_ok = $mm->arch_check(
        $INC{"Config.pm"},
        File::Spec->catfile($Config{archlibexp}, "Config.pm")
    );

A sanity check that what Perl thinks the architecture is and what Config thinks the architecture is are the same. If they're not it will return false and show a diagnostic message.

When building Perl it will always return true, as nothing is installed yet.

The interface is a bit odd because this is the result of a quick refactoring. Don't rely on it.

File::Spec wrappers

ExtUtils::MM_Any is a subclass of File::Spec. The methods noted here override File::Spec.

catfile

File::Spec <= 0.83 has a bug where the file part of catfile is not canonicalized. This override fixes that bug.

Misc

Methods I can't really figure out where they should go yet.

find_tests

  my $test = $mm->find_tests;

Returns a string suitable for feeding to the shell to return all tests in t/*.t.

extra_clean_files

    my @files_to_clean = $MM->extra_clean_files;

Returns a list of OS specific files to be removed in the clean target in addition to the usual set.

installvars

    my @installvars = $mm->installvars;

A list of all the INSTALL* variables without the INSTALL prefix. Useful for iteration or building related variable sets.

libscan

  my $wanted = $self->libscan($path);

Takes a path to a file or dir and returns an empty string if we don't want to include this file in the library. Otherwise it returns the the $path unchanged.

Mainly used to exclude version control administrative directories from installation.

platform_constants

    my $make_frag = $mm->platform_constants

Returns a make fragment defining all the macros initialized in init_platform() rather than put them in constants().

AUTHOR

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Michael G Schwern <schwern@pobox.com> and the denizens of makemaker@perl.org with code from ExtUtils::MM_Unix and ExtUtils::MM_Win32.


ExtUtils-MakeMaker documentation Contained in the ExtUtils-MakeMaker distribution.
package ExtUtils::MM_Any;

use strict;
our $VERSION = '6.56';

use Carp;
use File::Spec;
use File::Basename;
BEGIN { our @ISA = qw(File::Spec); }

# We need $Verbose
use ExtUtils::MakeMaker qw($Verbose);

use ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config;


# So we don't have to keep calling the methods over and over again,
# we have these globals to cache the values.  Faster and shrtr.
my $Curdir  = __PACKAGE__->curdir;
my $Rootdir = __PACKAGE__->rootdir;
my $Updir   = __PACKAGE__->updir;


sub os_flavor_is {
    my $self = shift;
    my %flavors = map { ($_ => 1) } $self->os_flavor;
    return (grep { $flavors{$_} } @_) ? 1 : 0;
}


sub can_load_xs {
    return defined &DynaLoader::boot_DynaLoader ? 1 : 0;
}


sub split_command {
    my($self, $cmd, @args) = @_;

    my @cmds = ();
    return(@cmds) unless @args;

    # If the command was given as a here-doc, there's probably a trailing
    # newline.
    chomp $cmd;

    # set aside 30% for macro expansion.
    my $len_left = int($self->max_exec_len * 0.70);
    $len_left -= length $self->_expand_macros($cmd);

    do {
        my $arg_str = '';
        my @next_args;
        while( @next_args = splice(@args, 0, 2) ) {
            # Two at a time to preserve pairs.
            my $next_arg_str = "\t  ". join ' ', @next_args, "\n";

            if( !length $arg_str ) {
                $arg_str .= $next_arg_str
            }
            elsif( length($arg_str) + length($next_arg_str) > $len_left ) {
                unshift @args, @next_args;
                last;
            }
            else {
                $arg_str .= $next_arg_str;
            }
        }
        chop $arg_str;

        push @cmds, $self->escape_newlines("$cmd \n$arg_str");
    } while @args;

    return @cmds;
}


sub _expand_macros {
    my($self, $cmd) = @_;

    $cmd =~ s{\$\((\w+)\)}{
                defined $self->{$1} ? $self->{$1} : "\$($1)"
        }e;
    return $cmd;
}


sub echo {
    my($self, $text, $file, $appending) = @_;
    $appending ||= 0;

    my @cmds = map { '$(NOECHO) $(ECHO) '.$self->quote_literal($_) } 
               split /\n/, $text;
    if( $file ) {
        my $redirect = $appending ? '>>' : '>';
        $cmds[0] .= " $redirect $file";
        $_ .= " >> $file" foreach @cmds[1..$#cmds];
    }

    return @cmds;
}


sub wraplist {
    my $self = shift;
    return join " \\\n\t", @_;
}


sub maketext_filter { return $_[1] }


sub make {
    my $self = shift;

    my $make = lc $self->{MAKE};

    # Truncate anything like foomake6 to just foomake.
    $make =~ s/^(\w+make).*/$1/;

    # Turn gnumake into gmake.
    $make =~ s/^gnu/g/;

    return $make;
}


sub all_target {
    my $self = shift;

    return <<'MAKE_EXT';
all :: pure_all
	$(NOECHO) $(NOOP)
MAKE_EXT

}


sub blibdirs_target {
    my $self = shift;

    my @dirs = map { uc "\$(INST_$_)" } qw(libdir archlib
                                           autodir archautodir
                                           bin script
                                           man1dir man3dir
                                          );

    my @exists = map { $_.'$(DFSEP).exists' } @dirs;

    my $make = sprintf <<'MAKE', join(' ', @exists);
blibdirs : %s
	$(NOECHO) $(NOOP)

# Backwards compat with 6.18 through 6.25
blibdirs.ts : blibdirs
	$(NOECHO) $(NOOP)

MAKE

    $make .= $self->dir_target(@dirs);

    return $make;
}


sub clean {
# --- Cleanup and Distribution Sections ---

    my($self, %attribs) = @_;
    my @m;
    push(@m, '
# Delete temporary files but do not touch installed files. We don\'t delete
# the Makefile here so a later make realclean still has a makefile to use.

clean :: clean_subdirs
');

    my @files = values %{$self->{XS}}; # .c files from *.xs files
    my @dirs  = qw(blib);

    # Normally these are all under blib but they might have been
    # redefined.
    # XXX normally this would be a good idea, but the Perl core sets
    # INST_LIB = ../../lib rather than actually installing the files.
    # So a "make clean" in an ext/ directory would blow away lib.
    # Until the core is adjusted let's leave this out.
#     push @dirs, qw($(INST_ARCHLIB) $(INST_LIB)
#                    $(INST_BIN) $(INST_SCRIPT)
#                    $(INST_MAN1DIR) $(INST_MAN3DIR)
#                    $(INST_LIBDIR) $(INST_ARCHLIBDIR) $(INST_AUTODIR) 
#                    $(INST_STATIC) $(INST_DYNAMIC) $(INST_BOOT)
#                 );
                  

    if( $attribs{FILES} ) {
        # Use @dirs because we don't know what's in here.
        push @dirs, ref $attribs{FILES}                ?
                        @{$attribs{FILES}}             :
                        split /\s+/, $attribs{FILES}   ;
    }

    push(@files, qw[$(MAKE_APERL_FILE) 
                    perlmain.c tmon.out mon.out so_locations 
                    blibdirs.ts pm_to_blib pm_to_blib.ts
                    *$(OBJ_EXT) *$(LIB_EXT) perl.exe perl perl$(EXE_EXT)
                    $(BOOTSTRAP) $(BASEEXT).bso
                    $(BASEEXT).def lib$(BASEEXT).def
                    $(BASEEXT).exp $(BASEEXT).x
                   ]);

    push(@files, $self->catfile('$(INST_ARCHAUTODIR)','extralibs.all'));
    push(@files, $self->catfile('$(INST_ARCHAUTODIR)','extralibs.ld'));

    # core files
    push(@files, qw[core core.*perl.*.? *perl.core]);
    push(@files, map { "core." . "[0-9]"x$_ } (1..5));

    # OS specific things to clean up.  Use @dirs since we don't know
    # what might be in here.
    push @dirs, $self->extra_clean_files;

    # Occasionally files are repeated several times from different sources
    { my(%f) = map { ($_ => 1) } @files; @files = keys %f; }
    { my(%d) = map { ($_ => 1) } @dirs;  @dirs  = keys %d; }

    push @m, map "\t$_\n", $self->split_command('- $(RM_F)',  @files);
    push @m, map "\t$_\n", $self->split_command('- $(RM_RF)', @dirs);

    # Leave Makefile.old around for realclean
    push @m, <<'MAKE';
	- $(MV) $(FIRST_MAKEFILE) $(MAKEFILE_OLD) $(DEV_NULL)
MAKE

    push(@m, "\t$attribs{POSTOP}\n")   if $attribs{POSTOP};

    join("", @m);
}


sub clean_subdirs_target {
    my($self) = shift;

    # No subdirectories, no cleaning.
    return <<'NOOP_FRAG' unless @{$self->{DIR}};
clean_subdirs :
	$(NOECHO) $(NOOP)
NOOP_FRAG


    my $clean = "clean_subdirs :\n";

    for my $dir (@{$self->{DIR}}) {
        my $subclean = $self->oneliner(sprintf <<'CODE', $dir);
chdir '%s';  system '$(MAKE) clean' if -f '$(FIRST_MAKEFILE)';
CODE

        $clean .= "\t$subclean\n";
    }

    return $clean;
}


sub dir_target {
    my($self, @dirs) = @_;

    my $make = '';
    foreach my $dir (@dirs) {
        $make .= sprintf <<'MAKE', ($dir) x 7;
%s$(DFSEP).exists :: Makefile.PL
	$(NOECHO) $(MKPATH) %s
	$(NOECHO) $(CHMOD) $(PERM_DIR) %s
	$(NOECHO) $(TOUCH) %s$(DFSEP).exists

MAKE

    }

    return $make;
}


# For backwards compatibility.
*dist_dir = *distdir;

sub distdir {
    my($self) = shift;

    my $meta_target = $self->{NO_META} ? '' : 'distmeta';
    my $sign_target = !$self->{SIGN}   ? '' : 'distsignature';

    return sprintf <<'MAKE_FRAG', $meta_target, $sign_target;
create_distdir :
	$(RM_RF) $(DISTVNAME)
	$(PERLRUN) "-MExtUtils::Manifest=manicopy,maniread" \
		-e "manicopy(maniread(),'$(DISTVNAME)', '$(DIST_CP)');"

distdir : create_distdir %s %s
	$(NOECHO) $(NOOP)

MAKE_FRAG

}


sub dist_test {
    my($self) = shift;

    my $mpl_args = join " ", map qq["$_"], @ARGV;

    my $test = $self->cd('$(DISTVNAME)',
                         '$(ABSPERLRUN) Makefile.PL '.$mpl_args,
                         '$(MAKE) $(PASTHRU)',
                         '$(MAKE) test $(PASTHRU)'
                        );

    return sprintf <<'MAKE_FRAG', $test;
disttest : distdir
	%s

MAKE_FRAG


}


sub dynamic {
# --- Dynamic Loading Sections ---

    my($self) = shift;
    '
dynamic :: $(FIRST_MAKEFILE) $(INST_DYNAMIC) $(INST_BOOT)
		$(NOECHO) $(NOOP)
';
}


sub makemakerdflt_target {
    return <<'MAKE_FRAG';
makemakerdflt : all
	$(NOECHO) $(NOOP)
MAKE_FRAG

}


sub manifypods_target {
    my($self) = shift;

    my $man1pods      = '';
    my $man3pods      = '';
    my $dependencies  = '';

    # populate manXpods & dependencies:
    foreach my $name (keys %{$self->{MAN1PODS}}, keys %{$self->{MAN3PODS}}) {
        $dependencies .= " \\\n\t$name";
    }

    my $manify = <<END;
manifypods : pure_all $dependencies
END

    my @man_cmds;
    foreach my $section (qw(1 3)) {
        my $pods = $self->{"MAN${section}PODS"};
        push @man_cmds, $self->split_command(<<CMD, %$pods);
	\$(NOECHO) \$(POD2MAN) --section=$section --perm_rw=\$(PERM_RW)
CMD
    }

    $manify .= "\t\$(NOECHO) \$(NOOP)\n" unless @man_cmds;
    $manify .= join '', map { "$_\n" } @man_cmds;

    return $manify;
}


sub metafile_target {
    my $self = shift;

    return <<'MAKE_FRAG' if $self->{NO_META};
metafile :
	$(NOECHO) $(NOOP)
MAKE_FRAG

    my @metadata   = $self->metafile_data(
        $self->{META_ADD}   || {},
        $self->{META_MERGE} || {},
    );
    my $meta       = $self->metafile_file(@metadata);
    my @write_meta = $self->echo($meta, 'META_new.yml');

    return sprintf <<'MAKE_FRAG', join("\n\t", @write_meta);
metafile : create_distdir
	$(NOECHO) $(ECHO) Generating META.yml
	%s
	-$(NOECHO) $(MV) META_new.yml $(DISTVNAME)/META.yml
MAKE_FRAG

}


sub _sort_pairs {
    my $sort  = shift;
    my $pairs = shift;
    return map  { $_ => $pairs->{$_} }
           sort $sort
           keys %$pairs;
}


# Taken from Module::Build::Base
sub _hash_merge {
    my ($self, $h, $k, $v) = @_;
    if (ref $h->{$k} eq 'ARRAY') {
        push @{$h->{$k}}, ref $v ? @$v : $v;
    } elsif (ref $h->{$k} eq 'HASH') {
        $self->_hash_merge($h->{$k}, $_, $v->{$_}) foreach keys %$v;
    } else {
        $h->{$k} = $v;
    }
}


sub metafile_data {
    my $self = shift;
    my($meta_add, $meta_merge) = @_;

    # The order in which standard meta keys should be written.
    my @meta_order = qw(
        name
        version
        abstract
        author
        license
        distribution_type

        configure_requires
        build_requires
        requires

        resources

        provides
        no_index

        generated_by
        meta-spec
    );

    # Check the original args so we can tell between the user setting it
    # to an empty hash and it just being initialized.
    my $configure_requires;
    if( $self->{ARGS}{CONFIGURE_REQUIRES} ) {
        $configure_requires = $self->{CONFIGURE_REQUIRES};
    } else {
        $configure_requires = {
            'ExtUtils::MakeMaker'       => 0,
        };
    }
    my $build_requires;
    if( $self->{ARGS}{BUILD_REQUIRES} ) {
        $build_requires = $self->{BUILD_REQUIRES};
    } else {
        $build_requires = {
            'ExtUtils::MakeMaker'       => 0,
        };
    }

    my %meta = (
        name         => $self->{DISTNAME},
        version      => $self->{VERSION},
        abstract     => $self->{ABSTRACT},
        license      => $self->{LICENSE} || 'unknown',
        distribution_type => $self->{PM} ? 'module' : 'script',

        configure_requires => $configure_requires,

        build_requires => $build_requires,

        no_index     => {
            directory   => [qw(t inc)]
        },

        generated_by => "ExtUtils::MakeMaker version $ExtUtils::MakeMaker::VERSION",
        'meta-spec'  => {
            url         => 'http://module-build.sourceforge.net/META-spec-v1.4.html', 
            version     => 1.4
        },
    );

    # The author key is required and it takes a list.
    $meta{author}   = defined $self->{AUTHOR}    ? [$self->{AUTHOR}] : [];

    $meta{requires} = $self->{PREREQ_PM} if defined $self->{PREREQ_PM};
    $meta{requires}{perl} = $self->{MIN_PERL_VERSION} if $self->{MIN_PERL_VERSION};

    while( my($key, $val) = each %$meta_add ) {
        $meta{$key} = $val;
    }

    while( my($key, $val) = each %$meta_merge ) {
        $self->_hash_merge(\%meta, $key, $val);
    }

    my @meta_pairs;

    # Put the standard keys first in the proper order.
    for my $key (@meta_order) {
        next unless exists $meta{$key};

        push @meta_pairs, $key, delete $meta{$key};
    }

    # Then tack everything else onto the end, alpha sorted.
    for my $key (sort {lc $a cmp lc $b} keys %meta) {
        push @meta_pairs, $key, $meta{$key};
    }

    return @meta_pairs
}

sub _dump_hash {
    croak "first argument should be a hash ref" unless ref $_[0] eq 'HASH';
    my $options = shift;
    my %hash = @_;

    # Use a list to preserve order.
    my @pairs;

    my $k_sort 
        = exists $options->{key_sort} ? $options->{key_sort} 
                                      : sub { lc $a cmp lc $b };
    if ($k_sort) {
        croak "'key_sort' should be a coderef" unless ref $k_sort eq 'CODE';
        @pairs = _sort_pairs($k_sort, \%hash);
    } else { # list of pairs, no sorting
        @pairs = @_;
    }

    my $yaml     = $options->{use_header} ? "--- #YAML:1.0\n" : '';
    my $indent   = $options->{indent} || '';
    my $k_length = min(
        ($options->{max_key_length} || 20),
        max(map { length($_) + 1 } grep { !ref $hash{$_} } keys %hash)
    );
    my $customs  = $options->{customs} || {};

    # printf format for key
    my $k_format = "%-${k_length}s";

    while( @pairs ) {
        my($key, $val) = splice @pairs, 0, 2;
        $val = '~' unless defined $val;
        if(ref $val eq 'HASH') {
            if ( keys %$val ) {
                my %k_options = ( # options for recursive call
                    delta => $options->{delta},
                    use_header => 0,
                    indent => $indent . $options->{delta},
                );
                if (exists $customs->{$key}) {
                    my %k_custom = %{$customs->{$key}};
                    foreach my $k qw(key_sort max_key_length customs) {
                        $k_options{$k} = $k_custom{$k} if exists $k_custom{$k};
                    }
                }
                $yaml .= $indent . "$key:\n" 
                  . _dump_hash(\%k_options, %$val);
            }
            else {
                $yaml .= $indent . "$key:  {}\n";
            }
        }
        elsif (ref $val eq 'ARRAY') {
            if( @$val ) {
                $yaml .= $indent . "$key:\n";

                for (@$val) {
                    croak "only nested arrays of non-refs are supported" if ref $_;
                    $yaml .= $indent . $options->{delta} . "- $_\n";
                }
            }
            else {
                $yaml .= $indent . "$key:  []\n";
            }
        }
        elsif( ref $val and !blessed($val) ) {
            croak "only nested hashes, arrays and objects are supported";
        }
        else {  # if it's an object, just stringify it
            $yaml .= $indent . sprintf "$k_format  %s\n", "$key:", $val;
        }
    };

    return $yaml;

}

sub blessed {
    return eval { $_[0]->isa("UNIVERSAL"); };
}

sub max {
    return (sort { $b <=> $a } @_)[0];
}

sub min {
    return (sort { $a <=> $b } @_)[0];
}

sub metafile_file {
    my $self = shift;

    my %dump_options = (
        use_header => 1, 
        delta      => ' ' x 4, 
        key_sort   => undef,
    );
    return _dump_hash(\%dump_options, @_);

}


sub distmeta_target {
    my $self = shift;

    my $add_meta = $self->oneliner(<<'CODE', ['-MExtUtils::Manifest=maniadd']);
eval { maniadd({q{META.yml} => q{Module meta-data (added by MakeMaker)}}) } 
    or print "Could not add META.yml to MANIFEST: $${'@'}\n"
CODE

    my $add_meta_to_distdir = $self->cd('$(DISTVNAME)', $add_meta);

    return sprintf <<'MAKE', $add_meta_to_distdir;
distmeta : create_distdir metafile
	$(NOECHO) %s

MAKE

}


sub realclean {
    my($self, %attribs) = @_;

    my @dirs  = qw($(DISTVNAME));
    my @files = qw($(FIRST_MAKEFILE) $(MAKEFILE_OLD));

    # Special exception for the perl core where INST_* is not in blib.
    # This cleans up the files built from the ext/ directory (all XS).
    if( $self->{PERL_CORE} ) {
	push @dirs, qw($(INST_AUTODIR) $(INST_ARCHAUTODIR));
        push @files, values %{$self->{PM}};
    }

    if( $self->has_link_code ){
        push @files, qw($(OBJECT));
    }

    if( $attribs{FILES} ) {
        if( ref $attribs{FILES} ) {
            push @dirs, @{ $attribs{FILES} };
        }
        else {
            push @dirs, split /\s+/, $attribs{FILES};
        }
    }

    # Occasionally files are repeated several times from different sources
    { my(%f) = map { ($_ => 1) } @files;  @files = keys %f; }
    { my(%d) = map { ($_ => 1) } @dirs;   @dirs  = keys %d; }

    my $rm_cmd  = join "\n\t", map { "$_" } 
                    $self->split_command('- $(RM_F)',  @files);
    my $rmf_cmd = join "\n\t", map { "$_" } 
                    $self->split_command('- $(RM_RF)', @dirs);

    my $m = sprintf <<'MAKE', $rm_cmd, $rmf_cmd;
# Delete temporary files (via clean) and also delete dist files
realclean purge ::  clean realclean_subdirs
	%s
	%s
MAKE

    $m .= "\t$attribs{POSTOP}\n" if $attribs{POSTOP};

    return $m;
}


sub realclean_subdirs_target {
    my $self = shift;

    return <<'NOOP_FRAG' unless @{$self->{DIR}};
realclean_subdirs :
	$(NOECHO) $(NOOP)
NOOP_FRAG

    my $rclean = "realclean_subdirs :\n";

    foreach my $dir (@{$self->{DIR}}) {
        foreach my $makefile ('$(MAKEFILE_OLD)', '$(FIRST_MAKEFILE)' ) {
            my $subrclean .= $self->oneliner(sprintf <<'CODE', $dir, ($makefile) x 2);
chdir '%s';  system '$(MAKE) $(USEMAKEFILE) %s realclean' if -f '%s';
CODE

            $rclean .= sprintf <<'RCLEAN', $subrclean;
	- %s
RCLEAN

        }
    }

    return $rclean;
}


sub signature_target {
    my $self = shift;

    return <<'MAKE_FRAG';
signature :
	cpansign -s
MAKE_FRAG

}


sub distsignature_target {
    my $self = shift;

    my $add_sign = $self->oneliner(<<'CODE', ['-MExtUtils::Manifest=maniadd']);
eval { maniadd({q{SIGNATURE} => q{Public-key signature (added by MakeMaker)}}) } 
    or print "Could not add SIGNATURE to MANIFEST: $${'@'}\n"
CODE

    my $sign_dist        = $self->cd('$(DISTVNAME)' => 'cpansign -s');

    # cpansign -s complains if SIGNATURE is in the MANIFEST yet does not
    # exist
    my $touch_sig        = $self->cd('$(DISTVNAME)' => '$(TOUCH) SIGNATURE');
    my $add_sign_to_dist = $self->cd('$(DISTVNAME)' => $add_sign );

    return sprintf <<'MAKE', $add_sign_to_dist, $touch_sig, $sign_dist
distsignature : create_distdir
	$(NOECHO) %s
	$(NOECHO) %s
	%s

MAKE

}


sub special_targets {
    my $make_frag = <<'MAKE_FRAG';
.SUFFIXES : .xs .c .C .cpp .i .s .cxx .cc $(OBJ_EXT)

.PHONY: all config static dynamic test linkext manifest blibdirs clean realclean disttest distdir

MAKE_FRAG

    $make_frag .= <<'MAKE_FRAG' if $ENV{CLEARCASE_ROOT};
.NO_CONFIG_REC: Makefile

MAKE_FRAG

    return $make_frag;
}




sub init_ABSTRACT {
    my $self = shift;

    if( $self->{ABSTRACT_FROM} and $self->{ABSTRACT} ) {
        warn "Both ABSTRACT_FROM and ABSTRACT are set.  ".
             "Ignoring ABSTRACT_FROM.\n";
        return;
    }

    if ($self->{ABSTRACT_FROM}){
        $self->{ABSTRACT} = $self->parse_abstract($self->{ABSTRACT_FROM}) or
            carp "WARNING: Setting ABSTRACT via file ".
                 "'$self->{ABSTRACT_FROM}' failed\n";
    }
}

sub init_INST {
    my($self) = shift;

    $self->{INST_ARCHLIB} ||= $self->catdir($Curdir,"blib","arch");
    $self->{INST_BIN}     ||= $self->catdir($Curdir,'blib','bin');

    # INST_LIB typically pre-set if building an extension after
    # perl has been built and installed. Setting INST_LIB allows
    # you to build directly into, say $Config{privlibexp}.
    unless ($self->{INST_LIB}){
	if ($self->{PERL_CORE}) {
            if (defined $Cross::platform) {
                $self->{INST_LIB} = $self->{INST_ARCHLIB} = 
                  $self->catdir($self->{PERL_LIB},"..","xlib",
                                     $Cross::platform);
            }
            else {
                $self->{INST_LIB} = $self->{INST_ARCHLIB} = $self->{PERL_LIB};
            }
	} else {
	    $self->{INST_LIB} = $self->catdir($Curdir,"blib","lib");
	}
    }

    my @parentdir = split(/::/, $self->{PARENT_NAME});
    $self->{INST_LIBDIR}      = $self->catdir('$(INST_LIB)',     @parentdir);
    $self->{INST_ARCHLIBDIR}  = $self->catdir('$(INST_ARCHLIB)', @parentdir);
    $self->{INST_AUTODIR}     = $self->catdir('$(INST_LIB)', 'auto', 
                                              '$(FULLEXT)');
    $self->{INST_ARCHAUTODIR} = $self->catdir('$(INST_ARCHLIB)', 'auto',
                                              '$(FULLEXT)');

    $self->{INST_SCRIPT}  ||= $self->catdir($Curdir,'blib','script');

    $self->{INST_MAN1DIR} ||= $self->catdir($Curdir,'blib','man1');
    $self->{INST_MAN3DIR} ||= $self->catdir($Curdir,'blib','man3');

    return 1;
}


sub init_INSTALL {
    my($self) = shift;

    if( $self->{ARGS}{INSTALL_BASE} and $self->{ARGS}{PREFIX} ) {
        die "Only one of PREFIX or INSTALL_BASE can be given.  Not both.\n";
    }

    if( $self->{ARGS}{INSTALL_BASE} ) {
        $self->init_INSTALL_from_INSTALL_BASE;
    }
    else {
        $self->init_INSTALL_from_PREFIX;
    }
}


sub init_INSTALL_from_PREFIX {
    my $self = shift;

    $self->init_lib2arch;

    # There are often no Config.pm defaults for these new man variables so 
    # we fall back to the old behavior which is to use installman*dir
    foreach my $num (1, 3) {
        my $k = 'installsiteman'.$num.'dir';

        $self->{uc $k} ||= uc "\$(installman${num}dir)"
          unless $Config{$k};
    }

    foreach my $num (1, 3) {
        my $k = 'installvendorman'.$num.'dir';

        unless( $Config{$k} ) {
            $self->{uc $k}  ||= $Config{usevendorprefix}
                              ? uc "\$(installman${num}dir)"
                              : '';
        }
    }

    $self->{INSTALLSITEBIN} ||= '$(INSTALLBIN)'
      unless $Config{installsitebin};
    $self->{INSTALLSITESCRIPT} ||= '$(INSTALLSCRIPT)'
      unless $Config{installsitescript};

    unless( $Config{installvendorbin} ) {
        $self->{INSTALLVENDORBIN} ||= $Config{usevendorprefix} 
                                    ? $Config{installbin}
                                    : '';
    }
    unless( $Config{installvendorscript} ) {
        $self->{INSTALLVENDORSCRIPT} ||= $Config{usevendorprefix}
                                       ? $Config{installscript}
                                       : '';
    }


    my $iprefix = $Config{installprefixexp} || $Config{installprefix} || 
                  $Config{prefixexp}        || $Config{prefix} || '';
    my $vprefix = $Config{usevendorprefix}  ? $Config{vendorprefixexp} : '';
    my $sprefix = $Config{siteprefixexp}    || '';

    # 5.005_03 doesn't have a siteprefix.
    $sprefix = $iprefix unless $sprefix;


    $self->{PREFIX}       ||= '';

    if( $self->{PREFIX} ) {
        @{$self}{qw(PERLPREFIX SITEPREFIX VENDORPREFIX)} =
          ('$(PREFIX)') x 3;
    }
    else {
        $self->{PERLPREFIX}   ||= $iprefix;
        $self->{SITEPREFIX}   ||= $sprefix;
        $self->{VENDORPREFIX} ||= $vprefix;

        # Lots of MM extension authors like to use $(PREFIX) so we
        # put something sensible in there no matter what.
        $self->{PREFIX} = '$('.uc $self->{INSTALLDIRS}.'PREFIX)';
    }

    my $arch    = $Config{archname};
    my $version = $Config{version};

    # default style
    my $libstyle = $Config{installstyle} || 'lib/perl5';
    my $manstyle = '';

    if( $self->{LIBSTYLE} ) {
        $libstyle = $self->{LIBSTYLE};
        $manstyle = $self->{LIBSTYLE} eq 'lib/perl5' ? 'lib/perl5' : '';
    }

    # Some systems, like VOS, set installman*dir to '' if they can't
    # read man pages.
    for my $num (1, 3) {
        $self->{'INSTALLMAN'.$num.'DIR'} ||= 'none'
          unless $Config{'installman'.$num.'dir'};
    }

    my %bin_layouts = 
    (
        bin         => { s => $iprefix,
                         t => 'perl',
                         d => 'bin' },
        vendorbin   => { s => $vprefix,
                         t => 'vendor',
                         d => 'bin' },
        sitebin     => { s => $sprefix,
                         t => 'site',
                         d => 'bin' },
        script      => { s => $iprefix,
                         t => 'perl',
                         d => 'bin' },
        vendorscript=> { s => $vprefix,
                         t => 'vendor',
                         d => 'bin' },
        sitescript  => { s => $sprefix,
                         t => 'site',
                         d => 'bin' },
    );
    
    my %man_layouts =
    (
        man1dir         => { s => $iprefix,
                             t => 'perl',
                             d => 'man/man1',
                             style => $manstyle, },
        siteman1dir     => { s => $sprefix,
                             t => 'site',
                             d => 'man/man1',
                             style => $manstyle, },
        vendorman1dir   => { s => $vprefix,
                             t => 'vendor',
                             d => 'man/man1',
                             style => $manstyle, },

        man3dir         => { s => $iprefix,
                             t => 'perl',
                             d => 'man/man3',
                             style => $manstyle, },
        siteman3dir     => { s => $sprefix,
                             t => 'site',
                             d => 'man/man3',
                             style => $manstyle, },
        vendorman3dir   => { s => $vprefix,
                             t => 'vendor',
                             d => 'man/man3',
                             style => $manstyle, },
    );

    my %lib_layouts =
    (
        privlib     => { s => $iprefix,
                         t => 'perl',
                         d => '',
                         style => $libstyle, },
        vendorlib   => { s => $vprefix,
                         t => 'vendor',
                         d => '',
                         style => $libstyle, },
        sitelib     => { s => $sprefix,
                         t => 'site',
                         d => 'site_perl',
                         style => $libstyle, },
        
        archlib     => { s => $iprefix,
                         t => 'perl',
                         d => "$version/$arch",
                         style => $libstyle },
        vendorarch  => { s => $vprefix,
                         t => 'vendor',
                         d => "$version/$arch",
                         style => $libstyle },
        sitearch    => { s => $sprefix,
                         t => 'site',
                         d => "site_perl/$version/$arch",
                         style => $libstyle },
    );


    # Special case for LIB.
    if( $self->{LIB} ) {
        foreach my $var (keys %lib_layouts) {
            my $Installvar = uc "install$var";

            if( $var =~ /arch/ ) {
                $self->{$Installvar} ||= 
                  $self->catdir($self->{LIB}, $Config{archname});
            }
            else {
                $self->{$Installvar} ||= $self->{LIB};
            }
        }
    }

    my %type2prefix = ( perl    => 'PERLPREFIX',
                        site    => 'SITEPREFIX',
                        vendor  => 'VENDORPREFIX'
                      );

    my %layouts = (%bin_layouts, %man_layouts, %lib_layouts);
    while( my($var, $layout) = each(%layouts) ) {
        my($s, $t, $d, $style) = @{$layout}{qw(s t d style)};
        my $r = '$('.$type2prefix{$t}.')';

        print STDERR "Prefixing $var\n" if $Verbose >= 2;

        my $installvar = "install$var";
        my $Installvar = uc $installvar;
        next if $self->{$Installvar};

        $d = "$style/$d" if $style;
        $self->prefixify($installvar, $s, $r, $d);

        print STDERR "  $Installvar == $self->{$Installvar}\n" 
          if $Verbose >= 2;
    }

    # Generate these if they weren't figured out.
    $self->{VENDORARCHEXP} ||= $self->{INSTALLVENDORARCH};
    $self->{VENDORLIBEXP}  ||= $self->{INSTALLVENDORLIB};

    return 1;
}


my %map = (
           lib      => [qw(lib perl5)],
           arch     => [('lib', 'perl5', $Config{archname})],
           bin      => [qw(bin)],
           man1dir  => [qw(man man1)],
           man3dir  => [qw(man man3)]
          );
$map{script} = $map{bin};

sub init_INSTALL_from_INSTALL_BASE {
    my $self = shift;

    @{$self}{qw(PREFIX VENDORPREFIX SITEPREFIX PERLPREFIX)} = 
                                                         '$(INSTALL_BASE)';

    my %install;
    foreach my $thing (keys %map) {
        foreach my $dir (('', 'SITE', 'VENDOR')) {
            my $uc_thing = uc $thing;
            my $key = "INSTALL".$dir.$uc_thing;

            $install{$key} ||= 
              $self->catdir('$(INSTALL_BASE)', @{$map{$thing}});
        }
    }

    # Adjust for variable quirks.
    $install{INSTALLARCHLIB} ||= delete $install{INSTALLARCH};
    $install{INSTALLPRIVLIB} ||= delete $install{INSTALLLIB};

    foreach my $key (keys %install) {
        $self->{$key} ||= $install{$key};
    }

    return 1;
}


sub init_VERSION {
    my($self) = shift;

    $self->{MAKEMAKER}  = $ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Filename;
    $self->{MM_VERSION} = $ExtUtils::MakeMaker::VERSION;
    $self->{MM_REVISION}= $ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Revision;
    $self->{VERSION_FROM} ||= '';

    if ($self->{VERSION_FROM}){
        $self->{VERSION} = $self->parse_version($self->{VERSION_FROM});
        if( $self->{VERSION} eq 'undef' ) {
            carp("WARNING: Setting VERSION via file ".
                 "'$self->{VERSION_FROM}' failed\n");
        }
    }

    # strip blanks
    if (defined $self->{VERSION}) {
        $self->{VERSION} =~ s/^\s+//;
        $self->{VERSION} =~ s/\s+$//;
    }
    else {
        $self->{VERSION} = '';
    }


    $self->{VERSION_MACRO}  = 'VERSION';
    ($self->{VERSION_SYM} = $self->{VERSION}) =~ s/\W/_/g;
    $self->{DEFINE_VERSION} = '-D$(VERSION_MACRO)=\"$(VERSION)\"';


    # Graham Barr and Paul Marquess had some ideas how to ensure
    # version compatibility between the *.pm file and the
    # corresponding *.xs file. The bottomline was, that we need an
    # XS_VERSION macro that defaults to VERSION:
    $self->{XS_VERSION} ||= $self->{VERSION};

    $self->{XS_VERSION_MACRO}  = 'XS_VERSION';
    $self->{XS_DEFINE_VERSION} = '-D$(XS_VERSION_MACRO)=\"$(XS_VERSION)\"';

}


sub init_others {
    my $self = shift;

    $self->{ECHO}     ||= $self->oneliner('print qq{@ARGV}', ['-l']);
    $self->{ECHO_N}   ||= $self->oneliner('print qq{@ARGV}');

    $self->{TOUCH}    ||= $self->oneliner('touch', ["-MExtUtils::Command"]);
    $self->{CHMOD}    ||= $self->oneliner('chmod', ["-MExtUtils::Command"]);
    $self->{RM_F}     ||= $self->oneliner('rm_f',  ["-MExtUtils::Command"]);
    $self->{RM_RF}    ||= $self->oneliner('rm_rf', ["-MExtUtils::Command"]);
    $self->{TEST_F}   ||= $self->oneliner('test_f', ["-MExtUtils::Command"]);
    $self->{FALSE}    ||= $self->oneliner('exit 1');
    $self->{TRUE}     ||= $self->oneliner('exit 0');

    $self->{MKPATH}   ||= $self->oneliner('mkpath', ["-MExtUtils::Command"]);

    $self->{CP}       ||= $self->oneliner('cp', ["-MExtUtils::Command"]);
    $self->{MV}       ||= $self->oneliner('mv', ["-MExtUtils::Command"]);

    $self->{MOD_INSTALL} ||= 
      $self->oneliner(<<'CODE', ['-MExtUtils::Install']);
install([ from_to => {@ARGV}, verbose => '$(VERBINST)', uninstall_shadows => '$(UNINST)', dir_mode => '$(PERM_DIR)' ]);
CODE
    $self->{DOC_INSTALL} ||= $self->oneliner('perllocal_install', ["-MExtUtils::Command::MM"]);
    $self->{UNINSTALL}   ||= $self->oneliner('uninstall', ["-MExtUtils::Command::MM"]);
    $self->{WARN_IF_OLD_PACKLIST} ||= 
      $self->oneliner('warn_if_old_packlist', ["-MExtUtils::Command::MM"]);
    $self->{FIXIN}       ||= $self->oneliner('MY->fixin(shift)', ["-MExtUtils::MY"]);
    $self->{EQUALIZE_TIMESTAMP} ||= $self->oneliner('eqtime', ["-MExtUtils::Command"]);

    $self->{UNINST}     ||= 0;
    $self->{VERBINST}   ||= 0;

    $self->{FIRST_MAKEFILE}     ||= $self->{MAKEFILE} || 'Makefile';
    $self->{MAKEFILE}           ||= $self->{FIRST_MAKEFILE};
    $self->{MAKEFILE_OLD}       ||= $self->{MAKEFILE}.'.old';
    $self->{MAKE_APERL_FILE}    ||= $self->{MAKEFILE}.'.aperl';

    # Not everybody uses -f to indicate "use this Makefile instead"
    $self->{USEMAKEFILE}        ||= '-f';

    # Some makes require a wrapper around macros passed in on the command 
    # line.
    $self->{MACROSTART}         ||= '';
    $self->{MACROEND}           ||= '';

    $self->{SHELL}              ||= $Config{sh};

    # UMASK_NULL is not used by MakeMaker but some CPAN modules
    # make use of it.
    $self->{UMASK_NULL}         ||= "umask 0";

    # Not the greatest default, but its something.
    $self->{DEV_NULL}           ||= "> /dev/null 2>&1";

    $self->{NOOP}               ||= '$(TRUE)';
    $self->{NOECHO}             = '@' unless defined $self->{NOECHO};

    $self->{LD_RUN_PATH} = "";

    $self->{LIBS} = $self->_fix_libs($self->{LIBS});

    # Compute EXTRALIBS, BSLOADLIBS and LDLOADLIBS from $self->{LIBS}
    foreach my $libs ( @{$self->{LIBS}} ){
        $libs =~ s/^\s*(.*\S)\s*$/$1/; # remove leading and trailing whitespace
        my(@libs) = $self->extliblist($libs);
        if ($libs[0] or $libs[1] or $libs[2]){
            # LD_RUN_PATH now computed by ExtUtils::Liblist
            ($self->{EXTRALIBS},  $self->{BSLOADLIBS}, 
             $self->{LDLOADLIBS}, $self->{LD_RUN_PATH}) = @libs;
            last;
        }
    }

    if ( $self->{OBJECT} ) {
        $self->{OBJECT} =~ s!\.o(bj)?\b!\$(OBJ_EXT)!g;
    } else {
        # init_dirscan should have found out, if we have C files
        $self->{OBJECT} = "";
        $self->{OBJECT} = '$(BASEEXT)$(OBJ_EXT)' if @{$self->{C}||[]};
    }
    $self->{OBJECT} =~ s/\n+/ \\\n\t/g;

    $self->{BOOTDEP}  = (-f "$self->{BASEEXT}_BS") ? "$self->{BASEEXT}_BS" : "";
    $self->{PERLMAINCC} ||= '$(CC)';
    $self->{LDFROM} = '$(OBJECT)' unless $self->{LDFROM};

    # Sanity check: don't define LINKTYPE = dynamic if we're skipping
    # the 'dynamic' section of MM.  We don't have this problem with
    # 'static', since we either must use it (%Config says we can't
    # use dynamic loading) or the caller asked for it explicitly.
    if (!$self->{LINKTYPE}) {
       $self->{LINKTYPE} = $self->{SKIPHASH}{'dynamic'}
                        ? 'static'
                        : ($Config{usedl} ? 'dynamic' : 'static');
    }

    return 1;
}


# Lets look at $self->{LIBS} carefully: It may be an anon array, a string or
# undefined. In any case we turn it into an anon array
sub _fix_libs {
    my($self, $libs) = @_;

    return !defined $libs       ? ['']          : 
           !ref $libs           ? [$libs]       :
           !defined $libs->[0]  ? ['']          :
                                  $libs         ;
}


sub tools_other {
    my($self) = shift;
    my @m;

    # We set PM_FILTER as late as possible so it can see all the earlier
    # on macro-order sensitive makes such as nmake.
    for my $tool (qw{ SHELL CHMOD CP MV NOOP NOECHO RM_F RM_RF TEST_F TOUCH 
                      UMASK_NULL DEV_NULL MKPATH EQUALIZE_TIMESTAMP
                      FALSE TRUE
                      ECHO ECHO_N
                      UNINST VERBINST
                      MOD_INSTALL DOC_INSTALL UNINSTALL
                      WARN_IF_OLD_PACKLIST
                      MACROSTART MACROEND
                      USEMAKEFILE
                      PM_FILTER
                      FIXIN
                    } ) 
    {
        next unless defined $self->{$tool};
        push @m, "$tool = $self->{$tool}\n";
    }

    return join "", @m;
}


sub init_platform {
    return '';
}


sub init_MAKE {
    my $self = shift;

    $self->{MAKE} ||= $ENV{MAKE} || $Config{make};
}


sub manifypods {
    my $self          = shift;

    my $POD2MAN_macro = $self->POD2MAN_macro();
    my $manifypods_target = $self->manifypods_target();

    return <<END_OF_TARGET;

$POD2MAN_macro

$manifypods_target

END_OF_TARGET

}


sub POD2MAN_macro {
    my $self = shift;

# Need the trailing '--' so perl stops gobbling arguments and - happens
# to be an alternative end of line seperator on VMS so we quote it
    return <<'END_OF_DEF';
POD2MAN_EXE = $(PERLRUN) "-MExtUtils::Command::MM" -e pod2man "--"
POD2MAN = $(POD2MAN_EXE)
END_OF_DEF
}


sub test_via_harness {
    my($self, $perl, $tests) = @_;

    return qq{\t$perl "-MExtUtils::Command::MM" }.
           qq{"-e" "test_harness(\$(TEST_VERBOSE), '\$(INST_LIB)', '\$(INST_ARCHLIB)')" $tests\n};
}

sub test_via_script {
    my($self, $perl, $script) = @_;
    return qq{\t$perl "-I\$(INST_LIB)" "-I\$(INST_ARCHLIB)" $script\n};
}


sub tool_autosplit {
    my($self, %attribs) = @_;

    my $maxlen = $attribs{MAXLEN} ? '$$AutoSplit::Maxlen=$attribs{MAXLEN};' 
                                  : '';

    my $asplit = $self->oneliner(sprintf <<'PERL_CODE', $maxlen);
use AutoSplit; %s autosplit($$ARGV[0], $$ARGV[1], 0, 1, 1)
PERL_CODE

    return sprintf <<'MAKE_FRAG', $asplit;
# Usage: $(AUTOSPLITFILE) FileToSplit AutoDirToSplitInto
AUTOSPLITFILE = %s

MAKE_FRAG

}


sub arch_check {
    my $self = shift;
    my($pconfig, $cconfig) = @_;

    return 1 if $self->{PERL_SRC};

    my($pvol, $pthinks) = $self->splitpath($pconfig);
    my($cvol, $cthinks) = $self->splitpath($cconfig);

    $pthinks = $self->canonpath($pthinks);
    $cthinks = $self->canonpath($cthinks);

    my $ret = 1;
    if ($pthinks ne $cthinks) {
        print "Have $pthinks\n";
        print "Want $cthinks\n";

        $ret = 0;

        my $arch = (grep length, $self->splitdir($pthinks))[-1];

        print STDOUT <<END unless $self->{UNINSTALLED_PERL};
Your perl and your Config.pm seem to have different ideas about the 
architecture they are running on.
Perl thinks: [$arch]
Config says: [$Config{archname}]
This may or may not cause problems. Please check your installation of perl 
if you have problems building this extension.
END
    }

    return $ret;
}



sub catfile {
    my $self = shift;
    return $self->canonpath($self->SUPER::catfile(@_));
}



sub find_tests {
    my($self) = shift;
    return -d 't' ? 't/*.t' : '';
}


# An empty method here tickled a perl 5.8.1 bug and would return its object.
sub extra_clean_files { 
    return;
}


sub installvars {
    return qw(PRIVLIB SITELIB  VENDORLIB
              ARCHLIB SITEARCH VENDORARCH
              BIN     SITEBIN  VENDORBIN
              SCRIPT  SITESCRIPT  VENDORSCRIPT
              MAN1DIR SITEMAN1DIR VENDORMAN1DIR
              MAN3DIR SITEMAN3DIR VENDORMAN3DIR
             );
}


sub libscan {
    my($self,$path) = @_;
    my($dirs,$file) = ($self->splitpath($path))[1,2];
    return '' if grep /^(?:RCS|CVS|SCCS|\.svn|_darcs)$/, 
                     $self->splitdir($dirs), $file;

    return $path;
}


sub platform_constants {
    return '';
}

sub _PREREQ_PRINT {
    my $self = shift;

    require Data::Dumper;
    my @what = ('PREREQ_PM');
    push @what, 'MIN_PERL_VERSION' if $self->{MIN_PERL_VERSION};
    push @what, 'BUILD_REQUIRES'   if $self->{BUILD_REQUIRES};
    print Data::Dumper->Dump([@{$self}{@what}], \@what);
    exit 0;
}


sub _PRINT_PREREQ {
    my $self = shift;

    my $prereqs= $self->{PREREQ_PM};
    my @prereq = map { [$_, $prereqs->{$_}] } keys %$prereqs;

    if ( $self->{MIN_PERL_VERSION} ) {
        push @prereq, ['perl' => $self->{MIN_PERL_VERSION}];
    }

    print join(" ", map { "perl($_->[0])>=$_->[1] " }
                 sort { $a->[0] cmp $b->[0] } @prereq), "\n";
    exit 0;
}


sub _all_prereqs {
    my $self = shift;

    return { %{$self->{PREREQ_PM}}, %{$self->{BUILD_REQUIRES}} };
}


1;