NAME
Net::Amazon::S3 - Use the Amazon S3 - Simple Storage Service
SYNOPSIS
use Net::Amazon::S3;
my $aws_access_key_id = 'fill me in';
my $aws_secret_access_key = 'fill me in too';
my $s3 = Net::Amazon::S3->new(
{ aws_access_key_id => $aws_access_key_id,
aws_secret_access_key => $aws_secret_access_key,
retry => 1,
}
);
# a bucket is a globally-unique directory
# list all buckets that i own
my $response = $s3->buckets;
foreach my $bucket ( @{ $response->{buckets} } ) {
print "You have a bucket: " . $bucket->bucket . "\n";
}
# create a new bucket
my $bucketname = 'acmes_photo_backups';
my $bucket = $s3->add_bucket( { bucket => $bucketname } )
or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr;
# or use an existing bucket
$bucket = $s3->bucket($bucketname);
# store a file in the bucket
$bucket->add_key_filename( '1.JPG', 'DSC06256.JPG',
{ content_type => 'image/jpeg', },
) or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr;
# store a value in the bucket
$bucket->add_key( 'reminder.txt', 'this is where my photos are backed up' )
or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr;
# list files in the bucket
$response = $bucket->list_all
or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr;
foreach my $key ( @{ $response->{keys} } ) {
my $key_name = $key->{key};
my $key_size = $key->{size};
print "Bucket contains key '$key_name' of size $key_size\n";
}
# fetch file from the bucket
$response = $bucket->get_key_filename( '1.JPG', 'GET', 'backup.jpg' )
or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr;
# fetch value from the bucket
$response = $bucket->get_key('reminder.txt')
or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr;
print "reminder.txt:\n";
print " content length: " . $response->{content_length} . "\n";
print " content type: " . $response->{content_type} . "\n";
print " etag: " . $response->{content_type} . "\n";
print " content: " . $response->{value} . "\n";
# delete keys
$bucket->delete_key('reminder.txt') or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr;
$bucket->delete_key('1.JPG') or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr;
# and finally delete the bucket
$bucket->delete_bucket or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr;
DESCRIPTION
This module provides a Perlish interface to Amazon S3. From the developer blurb: "Amazon S3 is storage for the Internet. It is designed to make web-scale computing easier for developers. Amazon S3 provides a simple web services interface that can be used to store and retrieve any amount of data, at any time, from anywhere on the web. It gives any developer access to the same highly scalable, reliable, fast, inexpensive data storage infrastructure that Amazon uses to run its own global network of web sites. The service aims to maximize benefits of scale and to pass those benefits on to developers".
To find out more about S3, please visit: http://s3.amazonaws.com/
To use this module you will need to sign up to Amazon Web Services and provide an "Access Key ID" and " Secret Access Key". If you use this module, you will incurr costs as specified by Amazon. Please check the costs. If you use this module with your Access Key ID and Secret Access Key you must be responsible for these costs.
I highly recommend reading all about S3, but in a nutshell data is stored in values. Values are referenced by keys, and keys are stored in buckets. Bucket names are global.
Note: This is the legacy interface, please check out Net::Amazon::S3::Client instead.
Development of this code happens here: http://github.com/acme/net-amazon-s3
METHODS
new
Create a new S3 client object. Takes some arguments:
aws_access_key_id
Use your Access Key ID as the value of the AWSAccessKeyId parameter
in requests you send to Amazon Web Services (when required). Your
Access Key ID identifies you as the party responsible for the
request.
aws_secret_access_key
Since your Access Key ID is not encrypted in requests to AWS, it
could be discovered and used by anyone. Services that are not free
require you to provide additional information, a request signature,
to verify that a request containing your unique Access Key ID could
only have come from you.
DO NOT INCLUDE THIS IN SCRIPTS OR APPLICATIONS YOU DISTRIBUTE.
YOU'LL BE SORRY
secure
Set this to 1 if you want to use SSL-encrypted connections when
talking to S3. Defaults to 0.
timeout
How many seconds should your script wait before bailing on a request
to S3? Defaults to 30.
retry
If this library should retry upon errors. This option is
recommended. This uses exponential backoff with retries after 1, 2,
4, 8, 16, 32 seconds, as recommended by Amazon. Defaults to off.
buckets
Returns undef on error, else hashref of results
add_bucket
Takes a hashref:
bucket
The name of the bucket you want to add
acl_short (optional)
See the set_acl subroutine for documenation on the acl_short options
location_constraint (option)
Sets the location constraint of the new bucket. If left unspecified,
the default S3 datacenter location will be used. Otherwise, you can
set it to 'EU' for a European data center - note that costs are
different.
Returns 0 on failure, Net::Amazon::S3::Bucket object on success
bucket BUCKET
Takes a scalar argument, the name of the bucket you're creating
Returns an (unverified) bucket object from an account. Does no network access.
delete_bucket
Takes either a Net::Amazon::S3::Bucket object or a hashref containing
bucket
The name of the bucket to remove
Returns false (and fails) if the bucket isn't empty.
Returns true if the bucket is successfully deleted.
list_bucket
List all keys in this bucket.
Takes a hashref of arguments:
MANDATORY
bucket
The name of the bucket you want to list keys on
OPTIONAL
prefix
Restricts the response to only contain results that begin with the
specified prefix. If you omit this optional argument, the value of
prefix for your query will be the empty string. In other words, the
results will be not be restricted by prefix.
delimiter
If this optional, Unicode string parameter is included with your
request, then keys that contain the same string between the prefix
and the first occurrence of the delimiter will be rolled up into a
single result element in the CommonPrefixes collection. These
rolled-up keys are not returned elsewhere in the response. For
example, with prefix="USA/" and delimiter="/", the matching keys
"USA/Oregon/Salem" and "USA/Oregon/Portland" would be summarized in
the response as a single "USA/Oregon" element in the CommonPrefixes
collection. If an otherwise matching key does not contain the
delimiter after the prefix, it appears in the Contents collection.
Each element in the CommonPrefixes collection counts as one against
the MaxKeys limit. The rolled-up keys represented by each
CommonPrefixes element do not. If the Delimiter parameter is not
present in your request, keys in the result set will not be
rolled-up and neither the CommonPrefixes collection nor the
NextMarker element will be present in the response.
max-keys
This optional argument limits the number of results returned in
response to your query. Amazon S3 will return no more than this
number of results, but possibly less. Even if max-keys is not
specified, Amazon S3 will limit the number of results in the
response. Check the IsTruncated flag to see if your results are
incomplete. If so, use the Marker parameter to request the next page
of results. For the purpose of counting max-keys, a 'result' is
either a key in the 'Contents' collection, or a delimited prefix in
the 'CommonPrefixes' collection. So for delimiter requests, max-keys
limits the total number of list results, not just the number of
keys.
marker
This optional parameter enables pagination of large result sets.
"marker" specifies where in the result set to resume listing. It
restricts the response to only contain results that occur
alphabetically after the value of marker. To retrieve the next page
of results, use the last key from the current page of results as the
marker in your next request.
See also "next_marker", below.
If "marker" is omitted,the first page of results is returned.
Returns undef on error and a hashref of data on success:
The hashref looks like this:
{
bucket => $bucket_name,
prefix => $bucket_prefix,
common_prefixes => [$prefix1,$prefix2,...]
marker => $bucket_marker,
next_marker => $bucket_next_available_marker,
max_keys => $bucket_max_keys,
is_truncated => $bucket_is_truncated_boolean
keys => [$key1,$key2,...]
}
Explanation of bits of that:
common_prefixes
If list_bucket was requested with a delimiter, common_prefixes will
contain a list of prefixes matching that delimiter. Drill down into
these prefixes by making another request with the prefix parameter.
is_truncated
B flag that indicates whether or not all results of your query were
returned in this response. If your results were truncated, you can
make a follow-up paginated request using the Marker parameter to
retrieve the rest of the results.
next_marker
A convenience element, useful when paginating with delimiters. The
value of "next_marker", if present, is the largest (alphabetically)
of all key names and all CommonPrefixes prefixes in the response. If
the "is_truncated" flag is set, request the next page of results by
setting "marker" to the value of "next_marker". This element is only
present in the response if the "delimiter" parameter was sent with
the request.
Each key is a hashref that looks like this:
{
key => $key,
last_modified => $last_mod_date,
etag => $etag, # An MD5 sum of the stored content.
size => $size, # Bytes
storage_class => $storage_class # Doc?
owner_id => $owner_id,
owner_displayname => $owner_name
}
list_bucket_all
List all keys in this bucket without having to worry about 'marker'.
This is a convenience method, but may make multiple requests to S3 under
the hood.
Takes the same arguments as list_bucket.
add_key
DEPRECATED. DO NOT USE
get_key
DEPRECATED. DO NOT USE
head_key
DEPRECATED. DO NOT USE
delete_key
DEPRECATED. DO NOT USE
LICENSE
This module contains code modified from Amazon that contains the following notice:
# This software code is made available "AS IS" without warranties of any
# kind. You may copy, display, modify and redistribute the software
# code either by itself or as incorporated into your code; provided that
# you do not remove any proprietary notices. Your use of this software
# code is at your own risk and you waive any claim against Amazon
# Digital Services, Inc. or its affiliates with respect to your use of
# this software code. (c) 2006 Amazon Digital Services, Inc. or its
# affiliates.
TESTING
Testing S3 is a tricky thing. Amazon wants to charge you a bit of money each time you use their service. And yes, testing counts as using. Because of this, the application's test suite skips anything approaching a real test unless you set these three environment variables:
AMAZON_S3_EXPENSIVE_TESTS
Doesn't matter what you set it to. Just has to be set
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID
Your AWS access key
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET
Your AWS sekkr1t passkey. Be forewarned that setting this
environment variable on a shared system might leak that information
to another user. Be careful.
AUTHOR
Leon Brocard <acme@astray.com> and unknown Amazon Digital Services programmers.
Brad Fitzpatrick <brad@danga.com> - return values, Bucket object
SEE ALSO
Net::Amazon::S3::Bucket