OpenInteract::Startup - Bootstrapper that reads in modules and initializes the environment

 # Startup an OpenInteract environment outside Apache and mod_perl

 use strict;
 use OpenInteract::Startup;

 my $R =  OpenInteract::Startup->setup_static_environment(
                                      '/home/httpd/MySite' );

 # Same thing, but read the website directory from the command-line
 # parameter '--website_dir' or the environment variable 'OIWEBSITE'

 my $R =  OpenInteract::Startup->setup_static_environment_options();

 # For usage in Apache/mod_perl, see OpenInteract::ApacheStartup

 OpenInteract::Startup->require_module({ class => [ $my_class ] });

 #!/usr/bin/perl

 use strict;
 use OpenInteract::Startup;

 my $R = OpenInteract::Startup->setup_static_environment( '/home/httpd/my' );

 my $news_list = eval { $R->news->fetch_group({ where => 'title like ?',
                                                value => [ '%iraq%' ],
                                                skip_security => 1 }) };
 foreach my $news ( @{ $news_list } ) {
   print "Date:  $news->{posted_on}\n",
         "Title: $news->{title}\n"
         "Story: $news->{news_item}\n";
 }

 #!/usr/bin/perl

 use strict;
 use OpenInteract::Startup;

 my $usage = "$0 --website_dir=/path/to/site --title=title";
 my ( $OPT_title );
 my %options = ( 'title=s' => \$OPT_title );
 my $R = OpenInteract::Startup->setup_static_environment_options(
                                                      $usage, \%options );

 my $news_iter = eval { $R->news->fetch_iterator({ where => 'title like ?',
                                                   value => [ "%$OPT_title%" ],
                                                   skip_security => 1 }) };
 while ( my $news = $news_iter->get_next ) {
   print "Date:  $news->{posted_on}\n",
         "Title: $news->{title}\n"
         "Story: $news->{news_item}\n";
 }

 $action = {
            'boxes' => {
                'class'     => 'OpenInteract::Handler::Boxes',
                'security'  => 'no',
            }, ...
 };

package OpenInteract::Startup;

# $Id: Startup.pm,v 1.37 2003/03/13 03:26:34 lachoy Exp $

use strict;
use Cwd            qw( cwd );
use Data::Dumper   qw( Dumper );
use File::Basename qw( dirname );
use File::Path     qw();
use Getopt::Long   qw( GetOptions );
use OpenInteract::Config;
use OpenInteract::Config::GlobalOverride;
use OpenInteract::Error;
use OpenInteract::Package;
use OpenInteract::PackageRepository;
use SPOPS::ClassFactory;

$OpenInteract::Startup::VERSION = sprintf("%d.%02d", q$Revision: 1.37 $ =~ /(\d+)\.(\d+)/);

use constant DEBUG => 0;

my $TEMP_LIB_DIR = 'tmplib';
my $REPOS_CLASS  = 'OpenInteract::PackageRepository';
my $PKG_CLASS    = 'OpenInteract::Package';

sub main_initialize {
    my ( $class, $p ) = @_;

    # Ensure we can find the base configuration, and use it or read it in

    return undef unless ( $p->{base_config} or $p->{base_config_file} );
    my $bc = $p->{base_config} ||
             $class->read_base_config({ filename => $p->{base_config_file} });

    # Create our main config object

    my $C = $class->create_config({ base_config  => $bc });

    # Initialize the package repository class -- it's a SPOPS class,
    # but a really simple one

    $REPOS_CLASS->class_initialize( $C );

    # Read in our fundamental modules -- these should be in our @INC
    # already, since the 'request_class' is in
    # 'OpenInteract/OpenInteract' and the 'stash_class' is in
    # 'MyApp/MyApp'

    $class->require_module({ class => [ $bc->{request_class}, $bc->{stash_class} ] });

    # Either use a package list provided or read in all the packages from
    # the website package database

    my $packages = [];
    my $repository = $REPOS_CLASS->fetch( undef, { directory => $bc->{website_dir} } );
    if ( my $package_list = $p->{package_list} ) {
        foreach my $pkg_name ( @{ $p->{package_list} } ) {
            my $pkg_info = $repository->fetch_pacakge_by_name({ name => $pkg_name });
            push @{ $packages }, $pkg_info  if ( $pkg_info );
        }
    }
    else {
        $packages = $repository->fetch_all_packages();
    }

    # We keep track of the package names currently installed and use them
    # elsewhere in the system

    $C->{package_list} = [ map { $_->{name} } @{ $packages } ];
    foreach my $pkg_info ( @{ $packages } ) {
        $class->process_package( $pkg_info, $C );
    }

    $class->_process_global_overrides( $C );
    $class->_require_extra_classes( $C );

    # Store the configuration for later use

    my $stash_class = $bc->{stash_class};
    $stash_class->set_stash( 'config', $C );

    # Create an instance of $R since later steps might need it --
    # particularly SPOPS initialization which may want a connection to
    # the datasource during setup. (Crossing fingers this doesn't mess
    # something up, particularly w/ parent/child sharing issues...)

    my $request_class = $bc->{request_class};
    my $R = $request_class->instance;
    $R->{stash_class} = $stash_class;

    # The config object should now have all actions and SPOPS definitions
    # read in, so run any necessary configuration options

    my $init_class = $class->finalize_configuration({ config => $C });

    # Tell OpenInteract::Request to setup aliases if they haven't already

    if ( $p->{alias_init} ) {
        $request_class->setup_aliases;
    }

    # Initialize all the SPOPS object classes

    if ( $p->{spops_init} ) {
        $class->initialize_spops({ config => $C, class => $init_class });
    }

    # Read in all the classes for all configured conductors

    my @conductor_classes = ();
    foreach my $conductor ( keys %{ $C->{conductor} } ) {
        push @conductor_classes, $C->{conductor}{ $conductor }{class};
    }
    $class->require_module({ class => \@conductor_classes });

    # Read in the modules referred to in the 'system_alias' key from
    # the configuration -- EXCEPT for anything beginning with the
    # website name since that's an SPOPS object and has already been
    # created

    my @system_alias_classes = grep ! /^$bc->{website_name}/, values %{ $C->{system_alias} };
    $class->require_module({ class => \@system_alias_classes });

    DEBUG && _w( 2, "Contents of INC: @INC" );

    # All done! Return the configuration object so the user can
    # do whatever else is necessary

    return ( $init_class, $C );
}


sub setup_static_environment_options {
    my ( $class, $usage, $options, $params ) = @_;
    $options ||= {};
    my ( $OPT_website_dir );
    $options->{'website_dir=s'} = \$OPT_website_dir;

    # Get the options

    GetOptions( %{ $options } );

    if ( ! $OPT_website_dir and $ENV{OIWEBSITE} ) {
        warn "Using ($ENV{OIWEBSITE}) for 'website_dir'.\n";
        $OPT_website_dir = $ENV{OIWEBSITE};
    }

    unless ( -d $OPT_website_dir ) {
        die "$usage\n Parameter 'website_dir' must refer to an OpenInteract website directory!\n";
    }
    return $class->setup_static_environment( $OPT_website_dir, undef, $params );
}


# Use this if you want to setup the OpenInteract environment outside
# of the web application server -- just pass in the website directory!

sub setup_static_environment {
    my ( $class, $website_dir, $su_passwd, $params ) = @_;
    die "Directory ($website_dir) is not a valid directory!\n" unless ( -d $website_dir );
    $params ||= {};

    my $bc = $class->read_base_config({ dir => $website_dir });
    unless ( $bc and ref $bc eq 'HASH' ) {
        die "No base configuration file found in website directory ($website_dir)" ;
    }

    $class->create_temp_lib( $bc, $params->{temp_lib} );

    unshift @INC, $website_dir;

    my ( $init, $C ) = $class->main_initialize({ base_config => $bc,
                                                 alias_init  => 1,
                                                 spops_init  => 1 });
    my $REQUEST_CLASS = $C->{server_info}{request_class};
    my $R = $REQUEST_CLASS->instance;

    $R->{stash_class} = $C->{server_info}{stash_class};
    $R->stash( 'config', $C );

    # If we were given the superuser password, retrieve the user and
    # check the password

    if ( $su_passwd ) {
        my $user = $R->user->fetch( 1, { skip_security => 1 });
        die "Cannot create superuser!" unless ( $user );
        unless ( $user->check_password( $su_passwd ) ) {
            die "Password for superuser does not match!\n";
        }
        $R->{auth}{user} = $user;
    }

    return $R;
}



# Slimmed down initialization procedure -- just do everything
# necessary to read the config and set various values there

sub create_config {
    my ( $class, $p ) = @_;
    my $bc = $p->{base_config} ||
             $class->read_base_config({ filename    => $p->{base_config_file},
                                        website_dir => $p->{website_dir} });
    return undef unless ( $bc );

    # Create the configuration file and set the base directory as configured;
    # also set other important classes from the config

    my $config_file  = join( '/', $bc->{website_dir},
                                  $bc->{config_dir}, $bc->{config_file} );
    my $C = eval { OpenInteract::Config->instance( $bc->{config_type}, $config_file ) };
    if ( $@ ) {
        die "Cannot read configuration file! Error: $@\n";
    }

    # This information will be set for the life of the config object,
    # which should be as long as the apache child is alive if we're using
    # mod_perl, and will be set in the returned config object in any case

    $C->{dir}{base}                  = $bc->{website_dir};
    $C->{dir}{interact}              = $bc->{base_dir};
    $C->{server_info}{request_class} = $bc->{request_class};
    $C->{server_info}{stash_class}   = $bc->{stash_class};
    $C->{server_info}{website_name}  = $bc->{website_name};
    return $C;
}


# Method to copy all .pm files from all packages in a website to a
# separate directory -- if it currently exists we clear it out first.

sub create_temp_lib {
    my ( $class, $base_config, $opt ) = @_;
    $opt ||= '';
    my $site_dir = $base_config->{website_dir};

    my $lib_dir  = $base_config->{templib_dir}
                   || "$site_dir/$TEMP_LIB_DIR";
    unshift @INC, $lib_dir;

    if ( -d $lib_dir and $opt eq 'lazy' ) {
        DEBUG && _w( 1, "Temp lib dir [$lib_dir] already exists and we're lazy;",
                        "not copying modules to temp lib dir" );
        return [];
    }

    File::Path::rmtree( $lib_dir ) if ( -d $lib_dir );
    mkdir( $lib_dir, 0777 );

    my $site_repos = $REPOS_CLASS->fetch( undef,
                                          { directory => $base_config->{website_dir} } );
    my $packages = $site_repos->fetch_all_packages();
    my ( @all_files );
    foreach my $package ( @{ $packages } ) {
        DEBUG && _w( 2, "Trying to copy files for package $package->{name}" );
        my $files_copied = $PKG_CLASS->copy_modules( $package, $lib_dir );
        push @all_files, @{ $files_copied };
    }
    DEBUG && _w( 3, "Copied ", scalar @all_files, " module files to [$lib_dir]" );

    # Now change permissions so all the files and directories are
    # world-everything, letting the process's umask kick in

    chmod( 0666, @all_files );

    my %tmp_dirs = map { $_ => 1 } map { dirname( $_ ) } @all_files;
    chmod( 0777, keys %tmp_dirs );

    return \@all_files;
}


sub read_package_list {
    my ( $class, $p ) = @_;
    return [] unless ( $p->{filename} or $p->{config} );
    my $filename = $p->{filename} ||
                   join( '/', $p->{config}->get_dir( 'config' ), $p->{config}{package_list} );
    open( PKG, $filename ) || die "Cannot open package list ($filename): $!";
    my @packages = ();
    while ( <PKG> ) {
        chomp;
        next if /^\s*\#/;
        next if /^\s*$/;
        s/^\s*//;
        s/\s*$//;
        push @packages, $_;
    }
    close( PKG );
    return \@packages;
}



# simple key-value config file

sub read_base_config {
    my ( $class, $p ) = @_;
    unless ( $p->{filename} ) {
        my $dir = $p->{dir} || $p->{website_dir};
        if ( $dir ) {
            $p->{filename} = $class->create_base_config_filename( $dir );
        }
    }
    return undef   unless ( -f $p->{filename} );
    open( CONF, $p->{filename} ) || die "$!\n";
    my $vars = {};
    while ( <CONF> ) {
        chomp;
        DEBUG && _w( 1, "Config line read: $_" );
        next if ( /^\s*\#/ );
        next if ( /^\s*$/ );
        s/^\s*//;
        s/\s*$//;
        my ( $var, $value ) = split /\s+/, $_, 2;
        $vars->{ $var } = $value;
    }
    return $vars;
}

sub create_base_config_filename {
    my ( $class, $dir ) = @_;
    return join( '/', $dir, 'conf', 'base.conf' );
}

# Params:
#  filename - file with modules to read, one per line (skip blanks, commented lines)
#  class    - arrayref of classes to require
# (pick one)

sub require_module {
    my ( $class, $p ) = @_;
    my @success = ();
    if ( $p->{filename} ) {
        DEBUG && _w( 1, "Trying to open file $p->{filename}" );
        return [] unless ( -f $p->{filename} );
        open( MOD, $p->{filename} ) || die "Cannot open $p->{filename}: $!";
        while ( <MOD> ) {
            next if ( /^\s*$/ );
            next if ( /^\s*\#/ );
            chomp;
            DEBUG && _w( 1, "Trying to require $_" );
            eval "require $_";
            if ( $@ ) { _w( 0, sprintf( " --require error: %-40s: %s", $_, $@ ) )  }
            else      { push @success, $_ }
        }
        close( MOD );
    }
    elsif ( $p->{class} ) {
        $p->{class} = [ $p->{class} ] unless ( ref $p->{class} eq 'ARRAY' );
        foreach ( @{ $p->{class} } ) {
            DEBUG && _w( 1, "Trying to require class ($_)" );
            eval "require $_";
            if ( $@ ) { _w( 0, sprintf( " --require error: %-40s (from %s): %s", $_, $p->{pkg_link}{$_}, $@ ) ) }
            else      { push @success, $_ }
        }
    }
    return \@success;
}



# Params:
#  config = config object
#  package = name of package
#  package_dir = arrayref of base package directories (optional, read from config if not passed)

sub process_package {
    my ( $class, $pkg_info, $CONF ) = @_;
    return undef unless ( $pkg_info );
    return undef unless ( $CONF );

    my $pkg_name = join( '-', $pkg_info->{name}, $pkg_info->{version} );
    DEBUG && _w( 1, "Trying to process package ($pkg_name)" );

    my $site_pkg_dir = join( '/', $pkg_info->{website_dir}, $pkg_info->{package_dir} );
    my $base_pkg_dir = join( '/', $pkg_info->{base_dir}, $pkg_info->{package_dir} );
    DEBUG && _w( 1, "Pkg dirs: ($base_pkg_dir, $site_pkg_dir) for $pkg_name" );

    # Plow through the directories and find the module listings (to
    # include), action config (to parse and set) and the SPOPS config (to
    # parse and set). Base package first so its info can be overridden.

    foreach my $package_dir ( $base_pkg_dir, $site_pkg_dir ) {
        my $conf_pkg_dir = "$package_dir/conf";

        # If the package does not have a 'list_module.dat', that's ok and the
        # 'require_module' class method will simply return an empty list.

        $class->require_module({ filename => "$conf_pkg_dir/list_module.dat" });

        # Read in the 'action' information and set in the config object

        $class->read_action_definition({ filename => "$conf_pkg_dir/action.perl",
                                         config   => $CONF,
                                         package  => $pkg_info });

        # Read in the SPOPS information and set in the config object; note
        # that we cannot *process* the SPOPS config yet because we must be
        # able to relate SPOPS objects, which cannot be done until all the
        # definitions are read in. (Yes, we could use 'map' here and above,
        # but it's confusing to people first reading the code)

        $class->read_spops_definition({ filename => "$conf_pkg_dir/spops.perl",
                                        config   => $CONF,
                                        package  => $pkg_info });
    }
}



# Read in the action config info and set the information in the CONFIG
# object. note that we overwrite whatever information is in the CONFIG
# object -- this is a feature, not a bug, since it allows the base
# installation to define lots of information and the website to only
# override what it needs.

# Also save the key under which this was retrieved under 'key'

sub read_action_definition {
    my ( $class, $p ) = @_;
    DEBUG && _w( 1, "Reading action definitions from ($p->{filename})" );

    # $CONF is easier to read and more consistent

    my $CONF = $p->{config};
    my $action_info = eval { $class->read_perl_file({ filename => $p->{filename} }) };
    return undef  unless ( $action_info );
    my @class_list = ();
    foreach my $action_key ( keys %{ $action_info } ) {
        $CONF->{action}{ $action_key }{key} = $action_key;
        foreach my $action_conf ( keys %{ $action_info->{ $action_key } } ) {
            $CONF->{action}{ $action_key }{ $action_conf } =
                                   $action_info->{ $action_key }{ $action_conf };
        }
        if ( ref $p->{package} ) {
            $CONF->{action}{ $action_key }{package_name}    = $p->{package}{name};
            $CONF->{action}{ $action_key }{package_version} = $p->{package}{version};
        }
    }
}



# See comments in read_action_definition

sub read_spops_definition {
    my ( $class, $p ) = @_;
    DEBUG && _w( 1, "Reading SPOPS definitions from ($p->{filename})" );

    # $CONF is easier to read and more consistent
    my $CONF = $p->{config};
    my $spops_info = eval { $class->read_perl_file({ filename => $p->{filename} }) };
    return undef unless ( $spops_info );
    my @class_list = ();
    foreach my $spops_key ( keys %{ $spops_info } ) {
        $CONF->{SPOPS}{ $spops_key }{key} = $spops_key;
        foreach my $spops_conf ( keys %{ $spops_info->{ $spops_key } } ) {
            $CONF->{SPOPS}{ $spops_key }{ $spops_conf } =
                                   $spops_info->{ $spops_key }{ $spops_conf };
        }
        if ( ref $p->{package} ) {
            $CONF->{SPOPS}{ $spops_key }{package_name}    = $p->{package}{name};
            $CONF->{SPOPS}{ $spops_key }{package_version} = $p->{package}{version};
        }
    }
}


# Read in a perl structure (probably generated by Data::Dumper) from a
# file and return the actual structure. We should probably use
# SPOPS::HashFile for this for consistency...

sub read_perl_file {
    my ( $class, $p ) = @_;
    return undef unless ( -f $p->{filename} );
    eval { open( INFO, $p->{filename} ) || die $! };
    if ( $@ ) {
        warn "Cannot open config file for evaluation ($p->{filename}): $@ ";
        return undef;
    }
    local $/ = undef;
    no strict;
    my $info = <INFO>;
    close( INFO );
    my $data = eval $info;
    if ( $@ ) {
        die "Cannot read data structure! from $p->{filename}\nError: $@";
    }
    return $data;
}


# Everything has been read in, now just finalize aliases and so on

sub finalize_configuration {
    my ( $class, $p ) = @_;
    my $CONF = $p->{config};
    my $REQUEST_CLASS      = $CONF->{server_info}{request_class};
    my $STASH_CLASS        = $CONF->{server_info}{stash_class};

    # Create all the packages and subroutines on the fly as necessary

    DEBUG && _w( 1, "Trying to configure SPOPS classes with SPOPS::ClassFactory" );
    my $init_class = SPOPS::ClassFactory->create( $CONF->{SPOPS} );

    # Setup the default responses, template classes, etc. for all the
    # actions read in.

    $CONF->flatten_action_config;
    DEBUG && _w( 2, "Config: \n", Dumper( $CONF ) );
    DEBUG && _w( 1, "Configuration read into Request ok." );

    # We also want to go through each alias in the 'SPOPS' config key
    # and setup aliases to the proper class within our Request class; so
    # $request_alias is just a reference to where we'll actually be storing
    # this stuff

    my $request_alias = $REQUEST_CLASS->ALIAS;
    DEBUG && _w( 1, "Setting up SPOPS aliases" );
    foreach my $init_alias ( keys %{ $CONF->{SPOPS} } ) {
        next if ( $init_alias =~ /^_/ );
        my $info        = $CONF->{SPOPS}{ $init_alias };
        my $class_alias = $info->{class};
        my @alias_list  = ( $init_alias );
        push @alias_list, @{ $info->{alias} } if ( $info->{alias} );
        foreach my $alias ( @alias_list ) {
            DEBUG && _w( 1, "Tag $alias in $STASH_CLASS to be $class_alias" );
            $request_alias->{ $alias }{ $STASH_CLASS } = $class_alias;
        }
    }

    DEBUG && _w( 1, "Setting up System aliases" );
    foreach my $alias ( keys %{ $CONF->{system_alias} } ) {
        $request_alias->{ $alias }{ $STASH_CLASS } = $CONF->{system_alias}{ $alias };
    }
    DEBUG && _w( 1, "Setup object and system aliases ok" );
    return $init_class;
}


# Plow through a list of classes and call the class_initialize
# method on each; ok to call OpenInteract::Startup->initialize_spops( ... )
# from the mod_perl child init handler

sub initialize_spops {
    my ( $class, $p ) = @_;
    return undef unless ( ref $p->{class} );
    return undef unless ( ref $p->{config} );
    my @success = ();

 # Just cycle through and initialize each

    foreach my $spops_class ( @{ $p->{class} } ) {
        eval { $spops_class->class_initialize( $p->{config} ); };
        push @success, $spops_class unless ( $@ );
        DEBUG && _w( 1, sprintf( "%-40s: %-30s","init: $spops_class", ( $@ ) ? $@ : 'ok' ) );
    }
    return \@success;
}


# Do any global overrides for both SPOPS and the action table entries.

sub _process_global_overrides {
    my ( $class, $config ) = @_;
    my $override_spops_file = join( '/', $config->{dir}{base},
                                         $config->{override}{spops_file} );
    my $override_action_file = join( '/', $config->{dir}{base},
                                          $config->{override}{action_file} );

    if ( -f $override_spops_file ) {
        my $override_spops = OpenInteract::Config::GlobalOverride->new(
                                        { filename => $override_spops_file } );
        $override_spops->apply_rules( $config->{SPOPS} );
    }
    if ( -f $override_action_file ) {
        my $override_action = OpenInteract::Config::GlobalOverride->new(
                                        { filename => $override_action_file } );
        $override_action->apply_rules( $config->{action} );
    }
}


sub _require_extra_classes {
    my ( $class, $config ) = @_;
    my ( %require_class );

    my $action_require = $class->_find_extra_action_classes( $config );
    my $spops_require  = $class->_find_extra_spops_classes( $config );

    # Read in all the classes specified by the packages

    my $successful_action = $class->require_module({
                               class    => [ keys %{ $action_require } ],
					           pkg_link => $action_require });
    if ( scalar @{ $successful_action } != scalar keys %{ $action_require } ) {
        my %all_tried = map { $_ => 1 } keys %{ $action_require };
        delete $all_tried{ $_ } for ( @{ $successful_action } );
        _w( 0, "Some action classes were not required: ",
               join( ', ', keys %all_tried ) );
    }

    my $successful_spops = $class->require_module({
                               class    => [ keys %{ $spops_require } ],
					           pkg_link => $spops_require });
    if ( scalar @{ $successful_spops } != scalar keys %{ $spops_require } ) {
        my %all_tried = map { $_ => 1 } keys %{ $spops_require };
        delete $all_tried{ $_ } for ( @{ $successful_spops } );
        _w( 0, "Some SPOPS classes were not required: ",
               join( ', ', keys %all_tried ) );
    }
}


sub _find_extra_action_classes {
    my ( $class, $config ) = @_;
    my %map = ();
    my $action = $config->{action};
    foreach my $key ( keys %{ $action } ) {
        next unless ( $key and $action->{ $key });
        my $package = $action->{ $key }{package_name};
        if ( $action->{ $key }{class} ) {
            $map{ $action->{ $key }{class} } = $package
        }
        if ( $action->{ $key }{filter} ) {
            if ( ref $action->{ $key }{filter} eq 'ARRAY' ) {
                $map{ $_ } = $package for ( @{ $action->{ $key }{filter} } );
            }
            else {
                $map{ $action->{ $key }{filter} } = $package
            }
        }
        if ( $action->{ $key }{error} ) {
            if ( ref $action->{ $key }{error} eq 'ARRAY' ) {
                $map{ $_ } = $package for ( @{ $action->{ $key }{error} } );
            }
            else {
               $map{ $action->{ $key }{error} } = $package;
            }
        }
    }
    return \%map;
}


sub _find_extra_spops_classes {
    my ( $class, $config ) = @_;
    my %map = ();
    my $spops = $config->{SPOPS};
    foreach my $key ( keys %{ $spops } ) {
        next unless ( $key and $spops->{ $key });
        my $package = $spops->{ $key }{package_name};
        if ( ref $spops->{ $key }{isa} eq 'ARRAY' ) {
            map { $map{ $_ } = $package } @{ $spops->{ $key }{isa} };
        }
    }
    return \%map;
}



sub _w {
  return unless ( DEBUG >= shift );
  my ( $pkg, $file, $line ) = caller;
  my @ci = caller(1);
  warn "$ci[3] ($line) >> ", join( ' ', @_ ), "\n";
}

1;

__END__