Plack::Util - Utility subroutines for Plack server and framework developers

TRUE, FALSE

  my $true  = Plack::Util::TRUE;
  my $false = Plack::Util::FALSE;

Utility constants to include when you specify boolean variables in $env hash (e.g. psgi.multithread).

load_class

  my $class = Plack::Util::load_class($class [, $prefix ]);

Constructs a class name and require the class. Throws an exception if the .pm file for the class is not found, just with the built-in require.

If $prefix is set, the class name is prepended to the $class unless $class begins with + sign, which means the class name is already fully qualified.

  my $class = Plack::Util::load_class("Foo");                   # Foo
  my $class = Plack::Util::load_class("Baz", "Foo::Bar");       # Foo::Bar::Baz
  my $class = Plack::Util::load_class("+XYZ::ZZZ", "Foo::Bar"); # XYZ::ZZZ

is_real_fh

  if ( Plack::Util::is_real_fh($fh) ) { }

returns true if a given $fh is a real file handle that has a file descriptor. It returns false if $fh is PerlIO handle that is not really related to the underlying file etc.

content_length

  my $cl = Plack::Util::content_length($body);

Returns the length of content from body if it can be calculated. If $body is an array ref it's a sum of length of each chunk, if $body is a real filehandle it's a remaining size of the filehandle, otherwise returns undef.

set_io_path

  Plack::Util::set_io_path($fh, "/path/to/foobar.txt");

Sets the (absolute) file path to $fh filehandle object, so you can call $fh->path on it. As a side effect $fh is blessed to an internal package but it can still be treated as a normal file handle.

This module doesn't normalize or absolutize the given path, and is intended to be used from Server or Middleware implementations. See also IO::File::WithPath.

foreach

  Plack::Util::foreach($body, $cb);

Iterate through $body which is an array reference or IO::Handle-like object and pass each line (which is NOT really guaranteed to be a line) to the callback function.

It internally sets the buffer length $/ to 4096 in case it reads the binary file, unless otherwise set in the caller's code.

load_psgi

  my $app = Plack::Util::load_psgi $psgi_file_or_class;

Load app.psgi file or a class name (like MyApp::PSGI) and require the file to get PSGI application handler. If the file can't be loaded (e.g. file doesn't exist or has a perl syntax error), it will throw an exception.

Security: If you give this function a class name or module name that is loadable from your system, it will load the module. This could lead to a security hole:

  my $psgi = ...; # user-input: consider "Moose.pm"
  $app = Plack::Util::load_psgi($psgi); # this does 'require "Moose.pm"'!

Generally speaking, passing an external input to this function is considered very insecure. But if you really want to do that, be sure to validate the argument passed to this function. Also, if you do not want to accept an arbitrary class name but only load from a file path, make sure that the argument $psgi_file_or_class begins with / so that Perl's built-in do function won't search the include path.

run_app

  my $res = Plack::Util::run_app $app, $env;

Runs the $app by wrapping errors with eval and if an error is found, logs it to $env->{'psgi.errors'} and returns the template 500 Error response.

header_get, header_exists, header_set, header_push, header_remove

  my $hdrs = [ 'Content-Type' => 'text/plain' ];

  my $v = Plack::Util::header_get($hdrs, $key); # First found only
  my @v = Plack::Util::header_get($hdrs, $key);
  my $bool = Plack::Util::header_exists($hdrs, $key);
  Plack::Util::header_set($hdrs, $key, $val);   # overwrites existent header
  Plack::Util::header_push($hdrs, $key, $val);
  Plack::Util::header_remove($hdrs, $key);

Utility functions to manipulate PSGI response headers array reference. The methods that read existent header value handles header name as case insensitive.

  my $hdrs = [ 'Content-Type' => 'text/plain' ];
  my $v = Plack::Util::header_get($hdrs, 'content-type'); # 'text/plain'

headers

  my $headers = [ 'Content-Type' => 'text/plain' ];

  my $h = Plack::Util::headers($headers);
  $h->get($key);
  if ($h->exists($key)) { ... }
  $h->set($key => $val);
  $h->push($key => $val);
  $h->remove($key);
  $h->headers; # same reference as $headers

Given a header array reference, returns a convenient object that has an instance methods to access header_* functions with an OO interface. The object holds a reference to the original given $headers argument and updates the reference accordingly when called write methods like set, push or remove. It also has headers method that would return the same reference.

status_with_no_entity_body

  if (status_with_no_entity_body($res->[0])) { }

Returns true if the given status code doesn't have any Entity body in HTTP response, i.e. it's 100, 101, 204 or 304.

inline_object

  my $o = Plack::Util::inline_object(
      write => sub { $h->push_write(@_) },
      close => sub { $h->push_shutdown },
  );
  $o->write(@stuff);
  $o->close;

Creates an instant object that can react to methods passed in the constructor. Handy to create when you need to create an IO stream object for input or errors.

response_cb

See RESPONSE CALLBACK in Plack::Middleware for details.